中文“民族团结”概念的出现及早期演变

Emergence and Early Evolution of the Concept of“National Unity”in Chinese Language

“民族团结”与中华民族、民族解放等近代中国涌现的新概念一样,是中国人探索现代民族与现代国家建构的产物。在近代国家和民族双重转型之际,“民族团结”概念出现,并逐步演变为广泛传播的社会观念,体现了中华民族自觉与凝聚的历史进程,亦反映了各派力量聚合民族、整合社会的动态历程。本文选取1904年起“民族团结”在中文系统首次出现至1937年抗日民族统一战线建立的历史时段,考察了这一概念早期的近代化和社会化历程,整理了各派政治力量团结民族的方案。这一时期“民族团结”概念的生成、发展与传播是国家转型、民族自觉、政治力量实践三个进程相互作用的历史产物。

The concept of"national unity"along with the new concepts such as the Chinese nation and national liberation emerged in modern China,representing the Chinese people's exploration of the construction of the modern nation and the modern state.Amid the dual transformation of the state and the nation in modern times,the concept of"national unity"emerged and gradually evolved into a widely disseminated social concept,reflecting the historical process of consciousness and cohesion of the Chinese nation,as well as the dynamic course of the forces of various factions in aggregating the nation together and integrating society.The paper examines the early modernization and socialization of the concept of"national unity",and collates the proposals of various political forces for national unity on the basis of the historical period from 1904(namely,when"national unity"first appeared in the Chinese system)to 1937(namely,when the Anti-Japanese National United Front was established).The generation,development and dissemination of the concept of"nationalunity"during this period was a historical product of the interaction of three processes:the transformation of the state,national self-consciousness and the practice of political power.