增补·反转·流动:从《卡罗莱纳的私生女》看白人性的变数

Supplement,Inversion,and Fluidity:Variables of Whiteness in Bastard out of Carolina

白人性研究固然应关注“结构性种族优势与特权”的常数分析,而种族、阶级等因素交互与对话所引发的白人性变数更不容忽视,白人内部存在权力差异与分层,充斥着穷白人等他者群体,造成白人身份的模糊与流动。在多萝西·艾莉森半自传体小说《卡罗莱纳的私生女》中,穷白人女孩“骨头”最初操演白人性以弥补阶级关系中的权力缺失,挫败后反思并违背主导叙事,促使白人至上性发生反转,进而跨越种族边界,实现白人身份的流动与多元化。本文透过穷白人视角讨论白人性的复杂、多变与不确定,探索解构白人性,重塑权力框架的新思路。

The study of whiteness should certainly examine its constant of“structural race advantage and privilege,”but its variables resulting from dialogues between race and class cannot be overlooked either.There are power differences and stratifications within the whites,giving rise to“other”groups like poor whites,and therefore contributing to the ambiguity and fluidity of white identity.In Dorothy Allison’s semi-autobiographical novel Bastard out of Carolina,the poor white girl Bone initially performs whiteness to compensate for the lack of power in class relations.Frustrated,she violates the dominant narrative,subverts white supremacy,and further achieves the fluidity of identity while crossing the racial line.This paper analyzes the complexity,variability,and uncertainty of whiteness,aiming to explore possibilities of deconstructing whiteness and reshaping the power framework.