论《美丽的世界,你在哪里》中的马克思主义特性

Marxism in Sally Rooney’s Beautiful World, Where Are You

萨利·鲁尼以往的文学作品只闪现过马克思主义思想的掠影,而其新作《美丽的世界,你在哪里》则呈现出较为明显的马克思主义特征,体现在小说中刻画了资本主义社会中千禧一代无产阶级被剥削和被异化的现状,描绘了金钱对亲密关系的束缚。鲁尼以工人和期刊编辑为代表,从工作、工资、住房和贷款等角度揭示了千禧一代被困于经济现实中无力改变现状的迷茫。小说所要找寻的“美丽的世界”也是马克思描述的人应该得到全面解放和发展的爱的世界。在这样的非压抑性世界中,人能够通过承认本能欲望、重视爱欲以及为爱付诸行动而建立世界与理性的新联系。

While Sally Rooney’s previous literary works occasionally show elements of Marxism,her latest book,Beautiful World,Where Are You,explicitly employs Marxism to demonstrate how working-class millennials have been exploited and alienated in capitalist society and how money undermines intimate relationships.By writing about work,pay,housing,and the mortgage of workers and editors,Rooney also illustrates how the millennial proletariat has become enmeshed in an unfavorable economic predicament.The so-called“beautiful world”is what Marx describes as a world full of love where individuals can achieve liberation and development.People acknowledge desires,appreciate eros,and express love in non-repressed reality so that the world and reason can get linked in new ways.