英国文化唯物主义批评的思想轨迹:缘起、论争与转型

The Intellectual Evolution of British Cultural Materialist Criticism:Origins,Controversies,and Transformations

英国文化唯物主义批评自20世纪80年代问世以来,就被与新历史主义并置甚至等同。但英国文化唯物主义批评自身的独特性却不容忽视:它的诞生背景带有英国新左派思潮的独特烙印,内部论争彰显了其有别于新历史主义的激进政治底色,性别研究转向具备理论建构性并且遵循英国后结构主义身份政治的演进逻辑。因此,本文尝试从思想缘起、内部论争与范式转型三个节点,追溯英国文化唯物主义批评的思想轨迹。这不仅有利于破除将文化唯物主义视为新历史主义分支的偏见,亦可彰显英国马克思主义文学批评的独特内涵与思想发展路径。

Since its emergence in the 1980s,British cultural materialism has been juxtaposed,if not conflated with,new historicism.Nevertheless,it is crucial to acknowledge the distinctiveness of British cultural materialism.Its origins were deeply intertwined with the legacy of British New Left thought.Moreover,the internal debate has accentuated the radical political stance inherent in cultural materialism.The later orientation of British cultural materialism towards gender studies reflects a shift towards post-structuralist identity politics.In light of these considerations,this paper endeavors to revisit the intellectual trajectory of British cultural materialist criticism through three pivotal junctures:intellectual inception,internal debates,and paradigm shift.It seeks to challenge the prevalent notion that cultural materialism merely functions as a British offshoot of new historicism,as well as to underscore the distinctive essence and unique theoretical development of British Marxist literary criticism.