肥胖人群尿白蛋白/肌酐比值异常的危险因素分析

Risk factors of abnormal urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in people with obesity

目的探究肥胖人群中尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(urinary albumin/creatinine ratio,UACR)异常的临床特征及危险因素。方法回顾性分析"中国2型糖尿病患者肿瘤发生风险流行病学研究(REACTION)"河南分中心2011年至2012年基线数据,筛选体重指数≥28 kg/m^(2)的肥胖人群,根据是否存在UACR异常,以年龄、性别一致原则1∶1匹配分为UACR正常和UACR异常组(101对)。对肥胖人群基线资料进行多因素logistic回归、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及限制性立方样条(RCS)分析,探究UACR异常的危险因素。结果与UACR正常组相比,UACR异常组饮酒人数较多,高血压患病率更高,收缩压、三酰甘油等指标升高(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,饮酒(P=0.008)、收缩压(P<0.001)、三酰甘油(P=0.049)、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR,P=0.033)为肥胖人群UACR异常的独立危险因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,收缩压单因素诊断效能最强(ROC曲线下面积为0.801),且与多因素联合诊断效能无显著差异。RCS分析结果显示,当收缩压处于130~158 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)时,随着收缩压升高,UACR异常的概率呈单调递增趋势。当收缩压不在此区间内时,UACR异常的概率无明显变化趋势。三酰甘油亚组回归分析结果显示,当三酰甘油≥5.6 mmol/L时,UACR异常风险较前显著增高(P=0.029)。结论收缩压、三酰甘油、HOMA-IR、饮酒史是肥胖人群UACR异常的独立危险因素;且当收缩压≥130 mmHg或三酰甘油≥5.6 mmol/L时,UACR异常的风险显著升高。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of abnormal urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR)in obese population.Methods Baseline data from 2011 to 2012 in Henan Sub-center of"Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals:A lONgitudinal(REACTION)study"were utilized and those of body mass index≥28 kg/m^(2) were screened.The patients were divided into UACR normal group and UACR abnormal group(101 pairs)upon being matched on a 1∶1 basis by age and gender.Multivariate logistic regression analysis,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and restricted cubic spline(RCS)analysis were performed to explore the risk factors for abnormal UACR.Results Compared with the normal UACR group,the UACR abnormal group had a higher number of alcohol consumers,a higher prevalence of hypertension,elevated systolic blood pressure,and triglyceride(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption(P=0.008),systolic blood pressure(P<0.001),triglyceride(P=0.049),and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR,P=0.033)were independent risk factors for abnormal UACR in obese people.The ROC curve analysis indicated that systolic blood pressure had the strongest diagnostic performance as a single factor(ROC curve area=0.801),and there was no significant difference in diagnostic performance compared to multiple factors combination.RCS analysis results showed that the probability of abnormal UACR increased monotonically with the increase of systolic blood pressure when the systolic blood pressure was between 130 and 158 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).When systolic blood pressure was not in the interval,the probability of abnormal UACR did not change significantly.The results of regression analysis of triglyceride subgroup showed that when triglyceride level was greater than or equal to 5.6 mmol/L,the risk of abnormal UACR level was significantly increased(P=0.029).Conclusion Systolic blood pressure,triglyceride,HOMA-IR,and alcohol drinking history are independent risk factors for abnormal UACR in obese people.When systolic blood pressure is≥130 mmHg or triglyceride is≥5.6 mmol/L,the risk of abnormal UACR is significantly increased.