旋覆花药性研究古今演变及原因探析

Ancient and Modern Evolution and Causes of Medicinal Properties of Xuanfuhua(Inulae Flos)

考证旋覆花四气、五味、归经、升降浮沉等药性的演变脉络,初步探析已有记载中对旋覆花药性认识不一的成因。《神农本草经》和《名医别录》奠定了旋覆花药性理论的基础,历代本草文献以此为主体进行了扩充。隋唐以后,旋覆花的临床应用范围扩大,将其用于治疗头面部疾病。宋代打破了长期以来对旋覆花“性专主下”的认识,开始从味苦辛、性走散的角度阐释其药性特点。至明清时期,出现了“性专主下”“能升能降”“药性旋转”的多元化认识。古代医籍中所载旋覆花药物品种有差异、药用部位不统一、临床配伍变化较丰富,上述因素均有可能对药性的判定产生影响。

The evolution of the medicinal properties of Xuanfuhua(Inulae Flos)was studied from four qi,five flavors,meridian tropism,and ascending,descending,floating,sinking,etc.The causes of different understandings of the medicinal properties of Xuanfuhua in the records were preliminarily explored.The theory of medicinal properties of Xuanfuhua was established in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica and Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians,based on which the literature of materia medica in the past dynasties were expanded.After the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the clinical application of Xuanfuhua was expanded,and it was used to treat diseases of head and face.The long-term understanding of“specific property of descending”of Xuanfuhua was broken in the Song Dynasty,and the medicinal properties were explained from the perspective of bitter and acrid in flavor and dispersing in nature.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,there were diversified understandings of“specific property of descending”,“ascending and descending”,and“rotation in nature”.The species of Xuanfuhua in ancient medical books were different,the medication parts were not unified,and the clinical compatibility changes were rich.All the above factors might have an impact on the determination of medicinal properties.