面向海上突发事件应急救援任务的协同规划

Collaborative planning for emergency rescue tasks in marine emergencies

针对海上突发事件应急救援任务风险大、时间紧、冲突多及协同规划难等问题,急需一套海上应急救援协同机制予以支撑.首先,分析海上突发事件应急救援特点,探索应急联动协同机制;然后,面向海上应急救援任务的时空特点,构建基于时空因素的协同规划模型.进一步,针对指挥协同规划难题,构建基于观察–判断–决策–执行(OODA)作战环的应急救援单元协同联动模型,并着力于分析协同救援单元的一致性及救援时效性,旨在提升应急救援效能.最后,以海上危险化学品泄露救援任务为想定,利用上述模型方法进行规划建模与仿真验证.结果表明,所提出应急救援任务协同规划方法,能够有效的优化协调好海上突发事件的应急救援协同问题,提高了应急救援效能,为海上应急救援部门指挥决策提供了重要支持.

In view of the problems of high risk,tight time,many conflicts,and difficulty in coordinated planning for emergency rescue tasks in marine emergencies,a set of marine emergency rescue coordination mechanism is urgently needed to support them.Firstly,the characteristics of emergency rescue in marine emergencies are analyzed,and the emergency linkage coordination mechanism is explored.Then,a collaborative planning model based on time and space factors is constructed for the time-space characteristics of marine emergency rescue tasks.Furthermore,in view of the problem of command coordination planning,a collaborative linkage model of emergency rescue units based on the observe–orient–decide–act(OODA)loop is constructed,and the consistency and the rescue timeliness of collaborative rescue units are analyzed to improve the efficiency of emergency rescue.Finally,by taking the marine hazardous chemical leakage rescue mission as the scenario,the above model method is used to carry out planning modeling and simulation verification.The results show that the proposed collaborative planning method for emergency rescue tasks can effectively optimize and coordinate the emergency rescue coordination problem of marine emergencies,improve the efficiency of emergency rescue,and provide important support for the command and decision-making of marine emergency rescue departments.