髋关节置换术后腰椎骨盆矢状位参数变化与小关节源性腰痛的相关性研究

Correlation between changes of sagittal spinopelvic parameters after hip arthroplasty and facet joint-derivedlow back pain

目的探讨髋关节骨性关节炎患者髋关节置换术后腰椎骨盆矢状位参数变化与小关节源性腰痛的关系。方法回顾性分析2019年6月至2020年11月我院骨科收治的30例髋关节骨性关节炎引起小关节源性腰痛且行单侧髋关节置换术治疗患者(观察组)的临床资料;随机选取同期在我院体检中心接受腰椎X射线片检查的50名健康受试者作为对照组。基于X射线片测量腰椎骨盆矢状位参数,包括骨盆入射角(PI)、骨盆倾斜角(PT)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)、腰椎前凸角(LL)、骶骨骨盆角(SPI)、骶骨骨盆后角(SPPA)。多元线性回归分析腰椎骨盆矢状位参数变化与小关节源性腰痛的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其对小关节源性腰痛的诊断效能。结果观察组患者术前及术后1年PI、LL、SPI、SPPA与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者术前PT小于对照组(P<0.05),术前SS大于对照组(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,术前PT、SS与小关节源性腰痛相关(P<0.05)。术前PT和SS诊断小关节源性腰痛的敏感度分别为50.00%、73.30%,特异度分别为88.00%、78.00%。ROC曲线分析显示,术前PT和SS诊断小关节源性腰痛的曲线下面积分别为0.708(95%CI:0.595~0.822)和0.775(95%CI:0.673~0.877)。结论髋关节骨性关节炎患者的SS明显较大,PT明显较小。髋关节置换术可以减轻腰痛症状,且不影响腰椎和骨盆的矢状位平衡;术前PT、SS与小关节源性腰痛具有相关性,二者在诊断小关节源性腰痛方面具有较高的价值。

Objective To study the relationship between the changes of sagittal spinopelvic parameters and facet joint-derived low back pain in patients with hip osteoarthritis after hip arthroplasty.Methods The clinical data of 30 patients with facet joint-derived low back pain induced by hip osteoarthritis who underwent unilateral hip arthroplasty(observation group)from June 2019 to November 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed,and 50 healthy subjects who underwent lumbar X-ray examination in the physical examination center of our hospital at the same time were randomly selected as the control group.The sagittal spinopelvic parameters were measured based on the X-ray,including pelvic incidence(PI),pelvic tilt(PT),sacral slope(SS),lumbar lordosis(LL),sacrum pubic incidence(SPI)and sacrum pubic posterior angle(SPPA).The correlation between the changes of sagittal spinopelvic parameters and facet joint-derived low back pain was analyzed by multiple linear regression,and its diagnostic efficacy to facet joint-derived low back pain was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The PI,LL,SPI or SPA before and 1 year after surgery of the observation group had no significant difference combined with those of the control group(P>0.05).The PT before surgery of the observation group was smaller than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the SS before surgery was larger than that of the control group(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PT and SS before surgery were correlated with facet joint-derived low back pain(P<0.05).The sensitivity of PT and SS before surgery in diagnosing facet joint-derived low back pain were 50.00%and 73.30%,with the specificity of 88.00%and 78.00%,respectively.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of PT and SS before surgery in diagnosing facet joint-derived low back pain were 0.708(95%CI:0.595 to 0.822)and 0.775(95%CI:0.673 to 0.877),respectively.Conclusion Patients with hip osteoarthritis pain have significantly larger SS and significantly smaller PT.Hip arthroplasty can alleviate the symptoms of low back pain without affecting the sagittal spinopelvic balance;the PT and SS before surgery are correlated with the facet joint-derived low back pain,and they are of high value in the diagnosing facet joint-derived low back pain.