基于遗传算法的LID设施优化布设

The Spatial Allocative Optimization of LID Facilities Based on Genetic Algorithm

在系统化全域推进海绵城市建设的背景下,低影响开发设施布设对城市雨洪过程具有重要影响。以江苏省宜兴市区为研究对象基于暴雨洪水管理模型SWMM建立研究区雨洪模型,考虑以径流总量削减率、悬浮物负荷削减率、生命周期成本、低影响开发设施占地面积建立综合目标函数,通过权重调整目标参数的优先级,运用遗传算法求解得到不同情景下低影响开发设施的最佳布设方案。结果表明:①在同等权重条件下,生命周期成本对优化计算的影响远大于面积,径流总量削减率与悬浮物负荷削减率影响较小;②位于管道上游的小面积汇水区内低影响开发设施的优化布设易受降雨重现期影响。研究成果可为海绵城市建设中低影响开发设施的优化布设及城市内涝防治研究提供参考。

Under the background of systematic and full-field promotion of sponge city construction,the allocation of Low Impact Development(LID)facilities holds significant implications for urban stormwater management.In this study,we established a stormwater model for the Yixing City area in Jiangsu Province,utilizing the Storm Water Management Model(SWMM).A comprehensive objective function was formulated,taking into account the reduction rates of runoff volume,Suspended Solids(SS)load,Life Cycle Cost(LCC),and the area occupied by LID facilities.Through the assignment of weights to objective parameters in different scenarios,the multi-objective optimization problem was transformed into a single objective optimization problem,where each weight represented the priority of the corresponding objective parameter.The Genetic Algorithm(GA)was then applied to derive the optimal LID layout under diverse scenarios,to analyze and compare the impact of different priorities and recurrence periods of target parameters on optimization results.The results indicate that:①Under the same weight conditions,LCC exhibits a more pronounced impact on GA optimization calculations compared to LID area.②The spatial allocative optimization of LID facilities in small subcatchments located upstream is particularly susceptible to the rainfall return period.The research findings offer valuable insights for the spatial allocative optimization of LID facility and urban flood control in sponge city construction.