中国式水治理现代化发展评估及时空特征

Evaluation and Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Chinese Path to Modernization of Water Governance

水治理是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设的重要组成部分,中国式水治理现代化是高质量发展与中国式现代化的重要内容。对中国式水治理现代化进行精准识别和系统评估是推动中国式现代化建设和可持续发展的关键工作。以中国式现代化的内涵特征为指引,结合水治理的行业特色和实际需求,从人口、经济、协调以及生态等4个维度,构建中国式水治理现代化综合评价体系,基于2008-2021年省级面板数据,利用空间分析方法探究中国式水治理现代化发展水平的时空演化特征,并利用灰色关联度模型分析中国式水治理现代化的影响因素。研究结果表明:中国式水治理现代化发展水平总体呈现上升趋势;中国式水治理现代化的区域异质性特征较为显著,呈现出“东部高、中部次之、西部较低”的梯度格局,且区域差距存在扩大趋势;城镇化率、城市用水普及率、城市污水处理率、人均综合用水量、总人口数、生态用水占比等指标与水治理现代化发展水平关联程度最大。建议制定具有差异化、针对性、前瞻性的发展战略和政策,西部地区应进一步增加生态用水投入量,中部区域可以通过优化人均综合用水量的方式提升水治理现代化发展水平。研究丰富了中国式现代化理论体系,也为中国式水治理的发展提供了科学依据。

Water governance is an important issue of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity,and is also an critical guarantee for high-quality development and the Chinese path to modernization.The detailed identification and systematic evaluation of the Chinese path to modernization of water governance is the key work to promote the modernization and sustainable development of China.A comprehensive evaluation system for the Chinese path to modernization of water governance is constructed from the demensions of population,economy,coordination,and ecology under the guideline of the characteristics of the Chinese path to modernization,and the spatial-temporal characteristics of the development of the Chinese path to modernization of water governance are explored by spatial analysis methods based on the provincial-level panel data from 2008 to 2021,and the influencing factors of the Chinese path to modernization of water governance are analyzed by using the grey correlation model.The results show that the development of the Chinese path to modernization of water governance is overall on the rise;The regional heterogeneity of the Chinese path to modernization of water governance is significant,showing a gradient pattern of"high in the east,followed by the middle and low in the west",and the regional gap has an expanding trend.Indicators such as urbanization rate,urban water access rate,urban sewage treatment rate,per capita comprehensive water consumption,total population,proportion of ecological water,and water consumption per 10000 yuan of industrial added value have the highest correlation with the Chinese path to modernization of water governance.This study suggests that differentiated,targeted and forward-looking development strategies and policies should be formulated for the Chinese path to modernization of water governance for various regions.The western region should further increase the ecological water,and the central region can improve the modern development level of water governance by optimizing the per capita comprehensive water consumption.The research enriches the theoretical system of the Chinese path to modernization,and provides a scientific basis for the development of Chinese water governance.