数据要素扩大还是缩小了流通企业内部收入差距?

Do Data Elements Widen or Narrow the Internal Income Gap Within Circulation Enterprises?

数据不仅是促进“数实融合”的关键要素,也深刻影响着国民收入分配。基于2012—2021年中国A股上市流通企业数据,检验了数据要素对流通企业内部收入差距的影响及其机制。研究发现,数据要素能够显著缩小流通企业内部收入差距,且通过提高要素产出效率和提升就业创造水平两条路径缩小了流通企业内部收入差距。异质性分析结果表明,数据要素更能缩小技术密集型、生产性和高端流通企业的内部收入差距,但会扩大劳动密集型和普通流通企业的内部收入差距。进一步研究发现,数据要素规模越大越能缩小流通企业内部收入差距,且该缩小作用在时间趋势上呈现“先增强,后减弱,再增强”的特征。因此,应进一步畅通数据要素供给渠道,加大数据要素供给规模和拓宽数据要素应用场景,不断缩小流通企业内部收入差距。

Data not only plays a pivotal role in promoting the integration of the digital economy and real economy but also exerts a profound impact on the distribution of national income.Based on the data of A-share listed circulation enterprises from 2012 to 2021,this paper examines the influence of data elements on the internal income gap within circulation enterprises and its mechanism.The results reveal that data elements can narrow the internal income gap within circulation enterprises,by enhancing the output efficiency of factors and elevating job creation levels.This effect is more significant within technology-intensive,productive and high-end circulation enterprises.However,data elements will widen the internal income gap within labor-intensive and non-high-end circulation enterprises.Further research shows that as the scale of data elements increases,it will have a greater potential to narrow the income gap within circulation enterprises,exhibiting a temporal trend characterized by strengthening,weakening,and re-strengthening.Therefore,it is necessary to further unblock the supply channels of data elements,increase the scale of the data element supply and broaden the application scenarios of data elements,so as to continuously narrow the income gap within circulation enterprises.