我国宪法与民法中生育权的区别与互动

The difference and interaction of reproductive Rrights in Chinese Constitution and Civil Law

生育权以生育自由为价值基础,属于我国宪法中未列明的公民基本权利类型。我国《民法典》虽未明确列举生育权,但法律解释与司法裁判已逐步认可其具体人格权地位。我国宪法与民法中的生育权同名而不同质,民法中作为人格权的生育权发挥着落实宪法中作为基本权利的生育权之功能。宪法中的生育权兼具“防止国家权力过分干预公民生育自由”与“设立生育自由客观价值秩序”之功能,可作为公序良俗间接影响生育权的民法保护。

The reproductive right is based on the value of reproductive freedom,which belongs to the fundamental rights of citizens that not listed in the Constitution.Although the reproductive right is not explicitly listed in China's Civil Code,its attribute of personality right has been gradually recognized by legal interpretation and judicial judgment.The reproductive rights in our Constitution and civil law have the same name but different qualities.The reproductive rights as personality rights in civil law play the role of implementing the reproductive rights as basic rights in the Constitution.The reproductive rights in the Constitution have the functions of"preventing the state power from interfering with citizens'reproductive freedom excessivel"and"establishing an objective value order of reproductive freedom",which can be regarded as public order and good customs to indirectly influence the civil protection for reproductive right.