轨道动态特性对城轨车辆车内噪声影响分析

Analysis of Influence of Track Dynami Characteristics on Noise in Urban Rail Vehicles

轮轨噪声是关于车辆-轨道耦合作用以及轮轨关系的系统性问题,综合考虑对轮轨耦合匹配、车辆安全性、车辆平稳性、环境振动、车辆振动噪声等方面的影响,钢轨粗糙度和衰减率影响噪声的重要轨道参数,钢轨粗糙度影响400~800Hz的频段,制定合理的镟修周期,定期打磨车轮和轨道可以有效降低车内噪声,打磨后可降低车内噪声2dB以上。轨道衰减率普遍超过标准限值,增加安装振动吸能结构来实现可降低车内噪声,最大降低10dB以上。通过在车轮上安装阻尼结构提高车轮整体的阻尼,实现车轮辐射噪声的有效控制。以上措施可以有效降低车内噪声,提高乘坐舒适性。

Wheel-rail noise is a systematic problem concerning vehicle-track coupling and wheel-rail relationship.Considering the impact on wheel-rail coupling matching,vehicle safety,vehicle smoothness,environmental vibration,vehicle vibration noise,etc.,rail roughness and attenuation rate are important track parameters affecting noise.Rail roughness affects the frequency band of 400~800Hz.Develop a reasonable rotation repair cycle,regular grinding wheels and tracks can effectively reduce the internal noise,after grinding can reduce the internal noise of more than 2dB.The track attenuation rate generally exceeds the standard limit,and the installation of vibration energy absorption structure can reduce the internal noise,and the maximum reduction is more than 10dB.The damping structure is installed on the wheel to improve the overall damping of the wheel and realize the effective control of the wheel radiated noise.The above measures can effectively reduce the noise inside the car and improve the ride comfort.