江苏地区设施西瓜栽培不同授粉方式效果对比

Comparison of the effects of different pollination methods on facility watermelon cultivation in Jiangsu region

为探寻适宜江苏地区设施西瓜的授粉方式,试验通过检测壁蜂、熊蜂和人工3种授粉方式下,西瓜产量和质量的不同指标,对结果进行对比。结果表明,京嘉301西瓜人工授粉的纵横径高于壁蜂授粉和熊蜂授粉;京美2K 3种授粉方式中壁蜂授粉纵横径最大;瓜皮厚度上3种授粉方式无显著差异,京嘉301西瓜熊蜂授粉的瓜皮厚度高于壁蜂授粉和人工授粉,京美2K西瓜壁蜂授粉瓜皮厚度高于熊蜂授粉和人工授粉;京嘉301和京美2K西瓜3种授粉方式边糖含量和中心糖含量最高的均为壁蜂授粉;壁蜂授粉成本最低,是人工授粉的41.67%,熊蜂授粉的67.57%。在各项质量和产量指标差异不大的前提下,壁蜂授粉成本最低、效果最好,因此,适宜在设施西瓜栽培中推广使用。

To explore suitable pollination methods for facility watermelons in Jiangsu region,experiments were conducted by detecting different indicators of watermelon yield and quality under three pollination methods:mason bee,bumblebee,and artificial pollination.The results showed that the longitudinal and transverse diameters of artificial pollination of Jingjia 301 watermelon were higher than those of mason bee pollination and bumblebee pollination;Among the three pollination methods of Jingmei 2K,the mason bee pollination has the largest vertical and horizontal diameter;There was no significant difference in peel thickness among the three pollination methods.The peel thickness of Jingjia 301 watermelon pollinated by bumblebee was higher than that of mason bee pollination and artificial pollination;The peel thickness of Jingmei 2K pollinated by mason bee was higher than that of bumblebee pollination and artificial pollination;The highest content of edge sugar and central sugar of the three pollination methods for Jingjia 301 and Jingmei 2K watermelons are all mason bee pollination;The mason bee has the lowest pollination cost,which is 41.67%of manual pollination and 67.57%of bumblebee pollination.On the premise that there is not much difference in various quality and yield indicators,mason bee pollination has the lowest cost and the best effect,so it is suitable for promotion and use in facility watermelon cultivation.