对国内地铁线路标识色设计现状的分析和思考

Analysis and Thinking on Design Practice of Metro Line Identification Color in China

目的明晰我国地铁线路标识色设计现状,发现现存问题,为使线路标识色更好地适应大运量轨道交通情境提出新的设计策略。方法对相关学术文献和现有实践进行探讨;搜集并整理国内各城市已投入使用的地铁线路标识色,并依据孟塞尔系统对色彩的色度属性进行分析;以问卷方式展开色彩舒适度调研,以探索地铁线路标识色色度属性对其舒适度的影响。结果阐释了当前国内地铁线路标识色设计实践的基本原则及对应的实施方法,将其设计诉求总结为功能和赋能两种层次,并梳理了其内部的六种向度;发现了关于色彩可读性和舒适性的规律。结论在地铁线路标识色设计中,色彩可读性的潜在影响常被忽略,其应被作为相关设计实践的重要考量因素;地铁线路标识色的舒适度受其明度对比的影响;提出了面向复杂地铁线网的色彩设计策略,以维系地铁信息界面兼顾辨识度和舒适度的色彩秩序。

The work aims to clarify the status quo of China's metro line identification color design,find out the exist-ing deficiencies,and propose new design strategies to better adapt the line identification color to the large-capacity rail transit situation.Firstly,relevant academic literature and existing practice were discussed;Secondly,the metro line iden-tification colors that have been put into use in various cities in China were collected and sorted out,and the chromaticity properties of the colors were analyzed according to the Munsell system;Then,the questionnaire was used to explore the influence of the chromaticity attribute of the metro line identification color on its comfort.The basic principles and cor-responding implementation methods of the current Chinese metro line identification color design practice were explained.Its design appeals were summarized into two levels of function and empowerment,and its six internal dimensions were sorted out.The readability and comfort rules of colors were found.In the design of metro line identification colors,the potential influence of color readability is often ignored,and it should be taken as an important consideration in relevant design practices.The comfort of metro line identification colors is affected by its lightness contrast;Based on this,a color design strategy proposed for the complex subway network is to maintain the color order of the subway information inter-face with both recognition and comfort.