饲料中黄曲霉毒素含量对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标的影响

Effects of astragalus polysaccharides on growth performance,immunity,and serum biochemical indicators in broilers

文章旨在探究日粮添加黄曲霉毒素对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标的影响。试验将1000只健康、生长状况良好的白羽肉鸡随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复25只。试验日粮分别向基础日粮中添加0、40、80和160μg/kg的黄曲霉毒素B1。试验共计42 d。试验结果表明:在初始体重无显著差异的前提下(P>0.05),日粮添加80和160μg/kg黄曲霉毒素B1,肉仔鸡终末体重分别显著降低2.8%和6.9%(P<0.05);日粮添加160μg/kg黄曲霉毒素B_(1),肉鸡平均日增重显著降低7.1%(P<0.05),平均日采食量显著降低5.2%(P<0.05)。日粮添加160μg/kg的黄曲霉毒素B1显著降低肉仔鸡的胸腺指数(P>0.05),此外,日粮添加黄曲霉毒素B_(1)对肉仔鸡脾脏指数和法氏囊指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。日粮添加80和160μg/kg的黄曲霉毒素B1显著降低肉仔鸡血清IgA和IgM含量(P<0.05);此外,日粮添加黄曲霉毒素B_(1)对肉仔鸡血清IgG和血清淀粉样蛋白A含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。日粮添加80和160μg/kg的黄曲霉毒素B_(1)可显著降低肉仔鸡血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量(P<0.05);日粮添加80和160μg/kg的黄曲霉毒素B1可显著提高肉仔鸡血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性(P<0.05);此外,日粮添加黄曲霉毒素B_(1)对肉仔鸡血清球蛋白含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。总之,本试验结果表明,日粮添加160μg/kg的黄曲霉毒素B_(1)通过对血清生化和免疫指标的负向调控作用抑制肉仔鸡的生长发育。

The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effects of dietary addition of aflatoxin on growth performance,serum biochemical and immune indicators in broilers.1000 healthy and growing white feather broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 10 replicates in each group,with 25 chickens per replicate.Add 0,40,80,and 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B1 to the basic diet as the experimental feed.The experiment lasted for a total of 42 days.The experimental results showed that without significant differences in initial body weight(P>0.05),adding 80 and 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B1 to the diet significantly reduced the final body weight of broilers by 2.8%and 6.9%,respectively(P<0.05);Adding 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B_(1) to the diet significantly reduced the average daily gain of broilers by 7.1%(P<0.05)and the average daily feed intake by 5.2%(P<0.05).Adding 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B_(1) to the diet significantly reduced the thymus index of broilers(P>0.05).In addition,adding aflatoxin B1 to the diet had no significant effect on the spleen index and bursal index of broilers(P>0.05).Adding 80 and 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B_(1) to the diet significantly reduced the serum IgA and IgM levels in broilers(P<0.05);In addition,the addition of aflatoxin B1 to the diet had no significant effect on the serum IgG and serum amyloid A content of broilers(P>0.05).Adding 80 and 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B1 to the diet significantly reduced the total serum protein and albumin content of broilers(P<0.05);Adding 80 and 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B_(1) to the diet significantly increased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in broilers(P<0.05);In addition,the addition of aflatoxin B_(1) to the diet had no significant effect on the serum globulin content of broiler chickens(P>0.05).In summary,the results of this experiment indicate that adding 160μg/kg of aflatoxin B_(1) to the diet inhibits the growth and development of broilers by negatively regulating serum biochemical and immune indicators.