企业降碳减污协同推进的产业链联动效应

Linkage effect of the industry chain on enterprises'synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control

企业降碳减污协同推进不仅是提升环境质量的重要着力点,亦是在市场经济中提升竞争力的关键所在。产业链联动效应是探讨企业降碳减污协同推进的重要视角。基于约束效应、同群效应、规模效应3方面构建理论分析框架,使用2007—2021年沪深A股上市公司样本数据,实证探析产业链上下游企业降碳减污协同推进联动效应的内在机理、联动类型和联动模式。实证结果表明:①产业链上下游企业降碳减污协同推进存在产业链联动效应,有助于焦点企业降碳减污的协同推进。②产业链依赖度越高、行业竞争程度越低、环境不确定性越高以及与上下游企业技术研发合作越紧密的焦点企业,其降碳减污协同推进受到产业链上下游企业降碳减污协同推进的联动效应越强。③界定焦点企业与上下游企业的联动类型发现,企业降碳减污协同推进同时受到上游供应商企业推动和下游客户企业拉动的影响,但是下游客户企业拉动效果更强。④界定焦点企业降碳减污协同推进的学习行为特征发现,焦点企业是通过主动学习来提升降碳减污协同推进能力,跨行业模仿学习对企业降碳减污协同推进提升作用更强。基于以上研究结论,为更好地促进企业微观个体实现降碳减污协同推进目标,强化产业链降碳减污协同推进的联动效应,政府应该制定产业链降碳减污协同推进联动专项规划,精准扶持存在联动困难的企业。企业要加强向具有降碳减污协同推进优势的标杆企业学习,助力碳达峰和碳中和目标提前实现。

Enterprises'synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control is not only a focal point for improving environmen-tal quality,but also a key to enhancing competitiveness in the market economy.The linkage effect of the industrial chain is an important perspective for exploring enterprises'synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control.Based on the theoretical analysis framework of constraint effect,peer effect,and scale effect,and using the sample data of China's A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2021,this study empirically analyzed the internal mechanisms,linkage types,and linkage modes of the synergistic promotion of carbon re-duction and pollution control among upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain.The empirical results showed that:①There was an industrial chain linkage effect in the synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control among upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain.The synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control by upstream and down-stream enterprises in the industrial chain contributed to the synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control by focal enter-prises.②Focal enterprises with a higher degree of industrial chain dependence,a lower level of industry competition,higher environmen-tal uncertainty,and closer technical research and development cooperation with upstream and downstream enterprises had stronger syner-gistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control due to the linkage effect of synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollu-tion control by upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain.③The identification of the linkage types between focal enter-prises and upstream and downstream enterprises revealed that the synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control by enter-prises was influenced by both upstream supplier-driven initiatives and downstream customer-driven demand.However,the customer-driv-en demand from downstream enterprises had a stronger effect.④The study on the learning behavior characteristics when defining focal enterprises in the synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control revealed that these enterprises enhanced their capabili-ties in synergistic promotion through proactive learning,and cross-industry imitation learning had a stronger impact on improving enterpris-es'synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control.Based on the above research findings,in order to better promote micro�level enterprises to achieve synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control goals and strengthen the linkage effect of car-bon reduction and pollution control in the industrial chain,the government should formulate specialized plans for achieving such goals and provide targeted support to enterprises facing linkage difficulties.Enterprises should strengthen their learning from benchmark enterprises that have advantages in synergistic promotion of carbon reduction and pollution control to contribute to achieving the goals of achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality ahead of schedule.