元宇宙中的伦理关系和伦理问题探析

An Analysis of the Ethical Relations and Ethical Issues in Metaverse

“元宇宙”是指虚拟现实世界和现实世界的某种“结合”,虚拟世界的基本特征在于通过数字技术和身体结合而产生的交互式作用和感知沉浸感。元宇宙的本质是由现实世界和虚拟现实世界共同构成的“连续体”。元宇宙世界的主要成员是“虚拟数字人”,通过论证虚拟数字人具有虚拟主体性,阐释了元宇宙中的伦理关系。元宇宙中的伦理问题不能简单复制现实世界的伦理规范;但同时,元宇宙中的伦理问题与现实世界中伦理问题是相互作用相互影响的。论文尝试提出建构元宇宙中伦理规则的原则和途径,包括可遵循的社会共识、可追溯和风险评估原则,以及通过开发者自律负责、用户自我管理、政府立法监管和世界各国合作等多元共治途径。

The“metaverse”refers to a certain“combination”between the virtual reality world and the real world.The basic feature of the virtual world is the interactive effect and perceived immersion generated by the combination of digital technology and the body.The essence of the metaverse is a“continuum”composed of the real world and the virtual reality world.The main members of the metaverse world are“virtual digital humans”and the ethical relationships in the metaverse are explained by demonstrating the virtual subjectivity of virtual digital humans.The ethical issues in the metaverse cannot simply replicate the ethical norms of the real world;However,at the same time,the ethical issues in the metaverse and those in the real world interact and influence each other.This paper attempts to propose the principles and approaches for constructing ethical rules in the metaverse,including social consensus,traceability and risk assessment principles that can be followed,as well as the diverse governance approaches achieved through the self-discipline of developers,self-management of users,legislative regulation by governments,and cooperation among countries around the world.