非洲猪瘟病毒消毒策略及活病毒鉴别检测技术研究进展

Research progress in disinfection strategies and live virus differentiation and detection techniques for African swine fever virus

非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染家猪和野猪引起的一种出血性、高度接触性传染病。由于目前我国尚无针对ASF的有效疫苗,猪场仍以生物安全防控为主,消毒则是生物安全防控中极其重要的一环。当前,猪场的消毒方式众多,但对消毒效果的评价技术甚少,无法辨别消毒后病毒是否具有感染性,存在巨大的安全隐患。通过对灭活病毒的方式、常见的活病毒鉴别方法及局限性进行综述,并探讨光敏核酸染料结合分子检测技术运用到ASFV灭活效果评价中的可行性,以期对ASF的防制提供帮助。

African swine fever(ASF)is a hemorrhagic infectious disease caused by African sw ine fever virus(ASFV)that infects domestic pigs and wild boar.Since no commercial vaccine against ASF is available in China,only surveillance and biosafety measures can be used for prevention and control of this disease.Disinfection is an extremely important part of biosecurity measures.At present,there are many disinfection methods applied in pig herds,but there are limited ways for evaluating their disinfection effect.So far,it is impossible to differentiate live and inactivated viruses following disinfection,which poses a huge biosecurity risk.This review summarizes the disinfection strategies for ASFV,current assays for differentiation of live and inactivated viruses and their limitations,and the introduction of the feasibility of applying molecular biological live virus detection methods to the evaluation of the in activated effect of ASFV.Th is paper is expected to provide help for the prevention and control of ASF.