姜黄素对循环高温环境中蛋鸡生产性能的影响及作用机制

Effect and mechanism of dietary curcumin on production performance in laying hens under cyclic high temperature environment

旨在探讨日粮中添加姜黄素(curcumin)对循环高温环境中蛋鸡生产性能的影响及作用机制,为姜黄素作为抗热应激添加剂在家禽生产上的应用提供依据。本试验选取体质量、生产性能相近的25周龄罗曼粉壳蛋鸡300只,随机分为常温对照组NC(基础日粮)、高温对照组HC(基础日粮)和3个高温处理组HT1(基础日粮+100 mg/kg姜黄素)、HT2(基础日粮+200 mg/kg姜黄素)、HT3(基础日粮+300 mg/kg姜黄素),每组6个重复,每个重复10只蛋鸡,NC组环境温度为(25±1)℃,HC和HT组采用循环高温(10:00-16:00,(32±1)℃),其余时间温度为(25±1)℃,各组湿度均维持在65%~80%之间,试验周期为9周。结果显示,与HC组相比,在试验前期,HT2组产蛋率显著提高4.20%、蛋破损率显著降低68.48%、血清促黄体素(luteinizing hormone,LH)和卵泡刺激素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)的水平显著提高22.21%和23.67%、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)显著提高19.55%,HT3组总抗氧化力(total anti-oxidation capacity,T-AOC)显著提高20.31%、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量显著下降11.85%;在试验中期,HT2组产蛋率显著提高6.88%、蛋破损率显著降低88.50%、血清LH和FSH的水平显著提高17.48%和23.67%、雌二醇(estrogen,E2)水平显著下降6.35%、SOD活性和T-AOC显著提高22.06%和47.32%,HT1组MDA含量显著下降20.73%;在试验后期,HT2组产蛋率显著提高9.43%、蛋破损率显著降低74.76%、血清LH和FSH的水平分别显著提高18.48%和28.04%、E2水平显著下降10.70%、SOD活性和T-AOC显著提高22.84%和38.85%、MDA含量显著下降21.16%,HT3组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)显著提高21.63%。与HC组相比,HT2组卵巢组织相比于HC组颗粒细胞层轮廓清晰,颗粒细胞层厚度增加。结果表明,姜黄素通过提高蛋鸡机体抗氧化性能,促进LH和FSH分泌,维持卵巢结构,从而改善循环高温环境中蛋鸡的生产性能。

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect and potential mechanism of dietary curcumin on the production performance of laying hens in a circulating high temperature environment to provide a basis for the application of curcumin as an anti-heat stress additive in laying hens.In this experiment,30025-week-old Roman Pink-shell laying hens with similar body weight and production performance were selected and randomly divided into the normal temperature control group NC(basal diet),high temperature control group HC(basal diet),and three high temperature treatment groups HT1(basal diet+100 mg/kg curcumin),HT2(basal diet+200 mg/kg curcumin),HT3(basal diet+300 mg/kg curcumin).There were 6 replicates per group,and 10 individuals per replicate,the ambient temperature of the NC group was(25±1)℃,the HC and HT groups used a high temperature cycle(10:00-16:00,(32±1)℃),and the temperature for the rest of the time was(25±1)℃,and the humidity was maintained at 65%-80%.The trial period was 9weeks.The results showed that compared with the HC group,at the 3rd week of the experiment,the egg production rate of the HT2 group was significantly increased by 4.20%,the egg breakage rate was significantly decreased by 68.48%,and the levels of serum LH(luteinizing hormone)and FSH(follicle-stimulating hormone)were increased by 22.21%and 23.67%,SOD(superoxide dismutase)was significantly increased by 19.55%,T-AOC(total anti-oxidation capacity)in HT3group was increased by 20.31%,and MDA(malondialdehyde)content was significantly decreased by 11.85%.At the 6th week of the experiment,the egg production rate of the HT2 group was significantly increased by 6.88%,the egg breakage rate was significantly decreased by 88.50%,and the levels of serum LH and FSH were significantly increased by 17.48%and 23.67%,E_2(estrogen)level was significantly decreased by 6.35%(P<0.01),SOD activity and T-AOC were significantly increased by 22.06%and 47.32%in the HT1 group.The content of MDA in the HT2 group was significantly decreased by 20.73%;at the 9th week of the experiment,the egg production rate of the HT2 group was significantly increased by 9.43%,and the egg breakage rate was significantly decreased by 74.76%.The level of FSH was significantly increased by 18.48%and 28.04%,the level of E_2 was significantly decreased by 10.70%,the activity of SOD and T-AOC were significantly increased by 22.84%and 38.85%,MDA content was significantly decreased by 21.16%,and GSH-Px(glutathione peroxidase)in HT3 group was significantly increased by 21.63%.Compared with the HC group,the ovarian tissue of the HT2 group had a clear outline of the granulosa cell layer,and the thickness of the granulosa cell layer increased.The results showed that dietary curcumin improved the production performance of laying hens under cyclic high temperature environment by enhancing the antioxidant properties of laying hens,promoting the secretion of LH and FSH,and improving the ovarian structure.