社交媒介视角下城市文创园区的空间重塑研究——以上海为例

The spatial reconstruction of cultural and creative industry parks from the perspective of social media: A case study of Shanghai

在数字化时代,社交媒介促进了实体空间与数字空间的连接和融合,也影响了人与地方环境的互动关系。本文基于网络信息地理学和媒介地理学的理论基础,构建社交媒介与空间重塑的“存在-膨胀-符号化”分析框架,以上海市认定的文创园区为研究对象,选取抖音和小红书两个社交媒介平台中的用户生成内容(user-generated content,UGC)为研究数据,探究社交媒介对城市文创园区的空间重塑作用,为城市更新进程中文创园区的数字化发展提供政策启示。研究发现:(1)社交媒介的作用在于引导用户行为,将实体文创园区数字化为媒介平台中的地点。(2)基于UGC产生的广泛热度和偏好热度加剧了数字空间的膨胀。(3)打卡者在社交媒介中持续地对数字空间中的文创园区进行意象叠加与更新,形成了符号化的空间形象。(4)社交媒介中不断生成的UGC重塑人们对实体空间与数字空间的认知意象,进一步创造了超越两种空间的数字地方。如此,社交媒介通过“线下→线上→数字地方→数字→实体”的循环路径对文创园区进行空间重塑。

In the digital era,social media promotes the connection and integration of physical and digital space,and also affects the interaction between people and place.The role of geomedia in the spatial reconstruction needs to be further studied.Cultural and creative industry parks(CCIPs)are important places for the digitalization of urban space,as well as important spaces carrying urban life,culture,innovation,production and consumption.Based on the cybergeography and media geography,this paper constructs an analytical framework of"existence-inflation-symbolization"of social media and spatial reconstruction,takes CCIPs in Shanghai as the research object,and uses the user-generated content(UGC)in Douyin and Xiaohongshu as the research data.This study explores the spatial reconstruction of urban CCIPs by social media,and provides policy implications for the digital development of CCIPs in the process of urban renewal.The results show that:(1)In the role of social media,CCIPs in physical space are digitized as location objects in virtual space,which is a prerequisite for any location to exist in digital space.Users engage with these locations through social platforms,checking in under their guidance,generating a plethora of user-generated content(UGC),thereby forming strong representations of certain CCIPs in the digital space.(2)The widespread heat and preference heat based on user-generated content have intensified the inflation of the digital space.(3)Users continuously stack and update the imagery of the CCIPs in the digital space on social media,forming a symbolic image of the space.(4)The continuously generated UGC in the social media reshapes people's cognitive imagery of the two spaces,further creating a digiplace that transcends the physical space and the digital space.Thus,the platform provides users with a loader to understand a certain space,maps users'representations of the CCIPs in the digital space to the physical space,and in turn continuously reshapes people's cognitive images of the two spaces through continuously newly generated content.Social media remodels the space of CCIPs through a circular path of"offline→online→digiplace→digital space→physical space".