欧阳予倩新编桂剧的文化诉求与艺术创新

Cultural Appeal and Artistic Innovation of Ouyang Yuqian's New Gui Opera

抗战期间,欧阳予倩对桂剧进行了全面改革,承担了知识分子在社会重建中的历史责任。首先,他在剧中重构民族国家观念,以突显人民主权的政治理念。其次,他重塑女性形象,为妇女赋予抗战的主体意识。第三,他建构了公私同构的关系,以达到个人和国家利益的统一。这些因素共同作用使得新编桂剧成为应对时代挑战的重要文化工具。在打造文化工具的同时,欧阳予倩的剧本创作也在积极探索艺术形式的创新:重新设计唱白配比,形成了白多唱少的局面;引入了合唱和轮唱等表现手法;广泛运用丑角。全新的内容与形式的相互激发,为桂剧现代化提供了重要动力。

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,Ouyang Yuqian undertook a comprehensive reform of Gui Opera,embodying the historical responsibility of intellectuals in social reconstruction.This reform encompassed several key aspects:reconstructing the concept of the nation-state to highlight the political idea of people's sovereignty,reshaping the image of women by imbuing them with the subjective consciousness of resistance to the war,and constructing"publicprivate isomorphism"to align personal interests with national ones,thereby transforming new Gui Opera into a powerful cultural tool for confronting challenges of the time.Ouyang Yuqian also actively explored artistic innovation alongside content reform,including redesigning the singing ratio towards more speaking,introducing expression techniques such as chorus and round singing,and widening the use of clowns.This interplay between content and form innovations served as a strong impetus for the modernization of Gui Opera.