石榴枯萎病菌拮抗菌株T9的分离及鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Antagonistic Strain T9 Against Pomegranate Fusarium Wilt

[目的]石榴枯萎病是由甘薯长喙壳菌(Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis.et Halsted)引起,对石榴有严重危害的土传病害。利用拮抗微生物抑制病原菌的繁殖是石榴枯萎病绿色防控的有效手段。通过筛选具有对石榴枯萎病原菌产生拮抗效果的微生物,研究其抑制菌作用,以期为石榴枯萎病生物防控提供菌种资源。[方法]从石榴的根际土壤中分离出真菌,根据产孢量、生长速率、拮抗系数及平板对峙结果进行筛选,对防效较好的真菌根据形态学和分子系统学进行鉴定,通过盆栽试验评估其对石榴枯萎病的防治效果。[结果]能有效抑制石榴枯萎病菌菌丝的生长的菌株T9经鉴定为非洲哈茨木霉菌(Trichoderma afroharzianum),盆栽防治效果最高可达71.35%。[结论]该菌株展现出了对石榴枯萎病的生物防治效果,具有应用价值。

[Objective]Pomegranate wilt disease is a soil borne disease caused by the sweet potato black rot Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis.et Halsted,which causes devastating damage to pomegranates.The use of antagonistic microorganisms to inhibit the proliferation of pathogens and reduce their harm has become an effective way for green prevention and control of pomegranate wilt disease.This paper screened microorganisms that have antagonistic effects on the pathogen of pome⁃granate wilt,studied their inhibitory effects,and provided bacterial resources for the biological prevention and control of pomegranate wilt disease.[Method]Fungi isolated from the rhizospheric soil of pomegranate were screened based on spore production,growth rate,antagonistic coefficient,and plate confrontation results.Fungi with better control effects were identified using morphology and molecular systematics,and their control effects on pomegranate wilt disease were evaluated through pot experiments.[Result]The strain T9,which can effectively inhibit the growth of pomegranate wilt fungus hyphae,has been identified as African Trichoderma harzianum,and the highest control effect of potted plants can reach 71.35%.[Conclusion]This strain exhibits significant biological control effects on pomegranate wilt disease and has potential application values.