A型地铁列车碰撞吸能及配置研究

Research on collision energy absorption and configuration of A-type metro

A型车是地铁列车型号中宽度最大、载客量最大的车型,尤其适合人口密度高、客流量大的城市使用,因此A型地铁列车的安全性对于大中型城市地铁安全运营至关重要,其中列车的碰撞吸能是列车安全性能指标之一。文章首先基于用户对车钩的吸能需求及EN 15227-2020要求,提出钩缓装置与防爬器组合使用的A型地铁列车碰撞吸能方案。其次,对该吸能方案的设计思路、验证方法、吸能装置关键部件及其主要技术参数进行逐一介绍。最后,确认该方案通过高弹性可恢复EFG缓冲器、压溃单元、可拆卸式防爬器作为吸能组合,能在A型地铁列车连挂、碰撞、救援等多工况中起到缓冲吸能的作用,不仅可以保护乘客安全和车体主结构不受损坏,还具有方便维护和替换的优点。该研究可为后期地铁列车吸能方案的设计提供一定的参考与借鉴。

The A-type train is the model with the greatest width and largest passenger capacity among metro trains,especially suitable for cities with a high population density and large passenger flow.Based on the user’s energy absorption demand for the coupler and the requirements of EN 15227-2020,this article proposes a collision energy absorption plan for the A-type metro trains using the combination of a coupler buffer device and anti-climb device.Second,the design idea,verification method,key components of the energy absorption device,and main technical parameters of the energy absorbing plan are introduced one by one.Finally,it is confirmed that this scheme could play the role of buffer and energy absorption in multiple working conditions such as connections,collisions,and rescue of A-type metro trains through the energy absorption combination of the high elasticity recoverable EFG buffer,compression collapse unit,and removable anti-climbing device,which could not only protect the safety of passengers and the main structure of the car body from being damaged,it also has the advantages of convenient maintenance and replacement.This research could provide certain references and an example to build on for the design of energy absorption schemes for metro trains at a later stage.