国四叉车实际作业排放分析研究

Analysis and Research on the Emission of the CHINA Four-stage Forklift under Real Working Condition

本文基于三台国四排放水平的叉车,研究其在实际作业中的工况及排放特性,结果表明:三台国四叉车均满足国四排放法规,其中PN的平均比排放更是达到了国六重型柴油车PN排放水平。冷启动阶段的PN平均比排放高于有效工作事件数据和原始数据。叉车在冷启动阶段如采用较低的负荷进行作业,会使其CO_(2)和NO_(X)平均比排放高于有效工作事件数据和原始数据。有效工作事件数据的NO_(X)、CO、CO_(2)平均比排放略低于或等于原始数据。叉车的PN平均比排放随作业负载的增加呈现上升的趋势,叉车移动速度、载荷升降速度、载荷质量大小均为影响功率及排放的因素。

Based on three CHINA Four-stage forklifts,this paper studies their emission characteristics in real working.The results show that all three forklifts meet the CHINA Four-stage emission regulation,and the average specific emission of PN reaches the level of CHINA Six-stage heavy-duty diesel vehicles emission regulation.The average specific emission of PN during the cold start stage is higher than those of effective work event and raw data.If the forklift operates at a lower load during the cold start stage,its average specific emission of CO_(2) and NO_(X) will be higher than those of effective work event and raw data.The average specific emission of NO_(X),CO,and CO_(2) from effective work event are slightly lower or equal to the raw data.The average PN specific emission of the forklifts show an upward trend with the increase of operating load.The moving speed of forklifts,load lifting speed,and load mass are all factors that affect power and emissions.