年龄结构对公路工程施工安全管理的影响

The Influence of Age Structure on the Safety Management of Highway Engineering Construction

为研究国内人口老龄化加剧和出生率下降对公路工程施工安全管理的影响,采用统计分析的方式,基于通定、定临、陇漳高速公路2018—2022年施工项目从业者年龄分布情况,从安全理念认知程度、安全知识掌握程度、“三违”行为事故起数3个方面探讨从业者年龄结构对公路工程施工安全管理的影响。结果表明:从业者年龄越小安全理念认知程度越低,年龄越大认知程度越高;年长者掌握安全知识的程度好于年轻从业者;小于35岁和大于55岁从业者发生“三违”行为占比较高。提出从思想认识、思维转变、本质安全、工作环境4个方面采取措施,可一定程度化解从业者年龄结构变化对公路工程施工安全管理造成的不良影响。

To study the impact of aging population and declining birth rate on the safety management of highway construction projects in China,a statistical analysis method was adopted.Based on the age distribution of construction project practitioners on the Tongding,Dinglin,and Longzhang expressways from 2018 to 2022,the influence of age structure of practitioners on the safety management of highway construction projects was explored from three aspects:the cognitive degree of the safety concept,degree of mastery of safety knowledge,and the number of“three violations”behavior accidents.The results show that the younger the age,the lower the degree of awareness of safety concept,the older the age,the higher the degree of cognition;Older individuals have a better grasp of safety knowledge than younger practitioners;The proportion of“three violations”accidents among practitioners under the age of 35 and over 55 is relatively high.Propose measures from four aspects:ideological understanding,thinking transformation,intrinsic safety,and work environment,which can to some extent resolve the adverse effects of changes in the age structure of practitioners on the safety management of highway engineering construction.