离退休居家老年患者用药依从性现状的现场调研及其影响因素分析

Field Investigation and Influencing Factors of Medication Compliance in the Elderly at Retired Home

目的:了解老年慢性病共病患者用药依从性的现状,探讨其相关影响因素,旨在提高患者用药依从性,促进其合理用药。方法:采用问卷调查法,收集上海市30家干休所724名老干部的一般资料、患病信息和用药信息。运用SPSS 27.0软件进行数据处理与分析,采用单因素χ^(2)检验进行组间比较,采用多因素Logistic回归分析患者用药依从性的影响因素。结果:回收有效问卷674份。不同婚姻状况、居住状况、服药种数、患病种数、睡眠质量的患者的用药依从性不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析表明,婚姻状况、居住状况、患病种数是患者用药依从性的影响因素(P<0.05)。离婚/丧偶、独居、患病种数多的患者更易忘记服药,且在遇到症状加重或出现其他不适情况时更易自行减量或停药;患病种数越多的患者,越易忘记药物的用法与用量。结论:干休所老年慢性病共病患者的用药依从性总体不高,今后需采取综合性的干预措施。药师可发挥专业优势,结合多学科医疗团队,制定并提供适用于老年群体的药物重整策略;给予独居老年患者一定的社会支持,提高其用药依从性。

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the current status of medication compliance in the elderly with multiple chronic conditions,and probe into the influencing factors,so as to improve patients’medication compliance and promote rational drug use.METHODS:The general data,disease information and drug use information of 724 retired military officers from 30 cadre convalesces in Shanghai were collected by questionnaire survey.SPSS 27.0 statistical software was used for data processing and analysis.Univariateχ^(2) test was used for comparison between different groups,and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of patients’medication compliance.RESULTS:A total of 674 valid questionnaires were collected.Patients with different marital status,living status,number of drugs,number of diseases and sleep quality had different medication compliance,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that marital status,living status and number of diseases were the influencing factors of medication compliance(P<0.05).Patients who were divorced or widowed,lived alone,or had a large number of diseases were more likely to forget to take drugs,and were more likely to reduce or stop the medication when their symptoms worsened or other discomfort occurred.Patients with more kinds of diseases were more likely to forget the usage and dosage of drugs.CONCLUSIONS:The medication compliance of the elderly with multiple chronic conditions in cadre convalesces is generally not high,suggesting that comprehensive intervention measures should be taken in the future.Pharmacists can give full play to their professional advantages and combine with multidisciplinary medical teams to formulate and provide drug rearrangement strategies suitable for the elderly.Some social support are supposed to be given to the elderly living alone to improve the medication compliance.