创业导向、知识共享对新产品开发绩效的影响研究:组织敏捷性的调节效应

Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Knowledge Sharing on New Product Development Performance:the Moderating Ef-fect of Organizational Agility

基于知识管理和动态能力理论,通过对227家高新技术企业的大样本调查,实证分析了创业导向对新产品开发(NPD)绩效的影响机制及其边界条件。结果表明:创业导向的3个维度(创新性导向、先动性导向和风险承担性导向)对NPD绩效均有正向影响;知识共享在创新性导向、先动性导向与NPD绩效之间起部分中介作用;组织敏捷性不仅正向调节知识共享与NPD绩效之间的关系,而且增强了知识共享在创新性导向、先动性导向与NPD绩效之间的中介效应,即知识共享发挥了有调节的中介作用。研究结果不仅丰富了创业导向与产品创新关系的理论成果,也为企业在NPD过程中有效发挥创业导向与知识共享的作用、提升NPD绩效提供了重要的理论指导与实践启示。

How to effectively utilize entrepreneurial orientation(EO)to improve the new prod-uct development(NPD)performance has become an important issue faced by enterprises in the digital entrepreneurship era.This study firstly explores the relationships among EO,knowledge sharing(KS),organizational agility(OA)and NPD performance based on knowledge management and dynamic competence theory,and puts forward theoretical hypotheses,constructing a re-search model.Secondly,a questionnaire survey was conducted among the middle and senior managers of 277 high-tech enterprises in Wuhan East Lake High-tech Zone,Which possess strong product innovation ability and a fast technology update speed,The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 24.0 software to perform reliability-validity tests.Thirdly,an empirical study was conducted to investigate the impact mechanism of different dimensions of EO on NPD performance,utilizing a hierarchical regression method to test all research hypoth-eses,including mediation and moderation effects.Finally,this study used Bootstrap method to further analyzes the reliability and robustness of the above results.The main conclusions are as follows:①The three dimensions of EO(innovative orientation,proactive orientation,and risk-taking orientation)have a positive impact on NPD performance;②KS plays a partial mediating role between innovative orientation and proactive orientation on the one hand,and NPD performance,on the other;③OA not only plays a moderating role be-tween KS and NPD performance,but also enhances the mediating effect of KS on the relation-ships between the innovative orientation and proactive orientation,and NPD performance.That is,KS plays a moderated mediation role.The theoretical contributions of this study are threefold.Firstly,it focuses on the impact of various dimensions of EO on NPD performance from three perspectives:innovation,pro-activeness and risk-taking,thereby broadening research ideas in the field of EO and NPD perfor-mance.Secondly,this study identifies the mediating role of KS between EO and NPD perfor-mance,confirming its differential impact in the relationship between EO and NPD performance,which is helpful to further clarify the influence mechanism of EO on NPD performance.Thirdly,by introducing OA into the research framework,this study defines the important boundary condi-tions influencing the relationship between KS and NPD performance.The practical implications of this study are as follows.Firstly,high-tech enterprises should pay full attention to the positive role of EO in NPD process,and maintain their competitive ad-vantage by constantly developing new products.Secondly,the NPD process entails intensive knowledge activities,and enterprises should actively promote KS activities to expedite the inter-nalization of new technologies and further improve NPD performance.Thirdly,enterprises should also pay more attention to OA,constantly improving their resilience in order to seize new opportunities in the process of knowledge sharing in a timely manner,thus enhancing the practi-cal effect of KS driving NPD performance improvement.