考虑偏载工况的大型盾构机主驱动齿轮传动系统动力学特性分析

Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of the Main Drive Gear Transmission System of a Large Shield Machine Considering Non-uniform Load Conditions

为探明偏载工况下大型盾构机主驱动多源并行齿轮传动系统(含16组传动链)的动力学特性,建立了大型盾构机主驱动传动齿轮系统含230个自由度的弯扭耦合等效动力学模型。该模型考虑了轮齿时变啮合刚度、双列调心滚子轴承接触刚度、齿轮传动误差以及齿侧间隙等非线性因素影响,分析了刀盘转矩以及偏载倾覆力矩作用下的传动系统时频动态响应特性。研究结果表明,齿轮和两侧调心轴承的振动频率成分主要为齿轮啮合频率以及轴承外圈通过特征频率;齿轮动态啮合力与轴承滚道接触力的最大幅值均发生在相应啮合频率及其倍频处,呈现明显的低频振动特性;在偏载工况下,主驱动各组小齿轮与内齿圈之间的啮合力存在明显的不均载现象。

In order to investigate the dynamic characteristic of the parallel gear transmission system of the main drive of a large shield machine with multiple sources(including 16 sets of drive chains)under the load of non-uniform load condition,a bending-torsion coupled equivalent dynamics model of the main drive gear trans-mission system of a large shield machine with 230 degrees of freedom is established.In the modeling,the cutter torque and the overturning moment under the deflection load condition are calculated.The model analyzes the time-frequency dynamic response characteristics of the drive system under the action of the multi-source driv-ing torque by considering the effects of nonlinear factors such as the time-varying meshing stiffness of gear teeth,gear transmission errors and backlash.The research results indicate that the vibration frequency compo-nents of the gear and the self-aligning bearings on both sides are mainly the gear meshing frequency,as well as the characteristic frequency of the bearing outer ring passing through.The maximum amplitude of the dynamic meshing force of the gear and the contact force of the bearing raceway occur at the corresponding meshing fre-quency and its harmonics,exhibiting obvious low-frequency vibration characteristics.Under non-uniform load conditions,there is a significant uneven load phenomenon in the meshing force between the small gears and the inner ring gear of the main drive group.