食品蛋白增维结构精密构筑研究进展

Research Progress on the Precise Construction of Hierarchical Structures of Food Proteins

增维结构为短程有序性单元结构在多维空间限域堆积,进而形成长程可控性高级结构,其特征为各单元结构定向排布且在尺度、维度上均具高度可编程性。鉴于动态化设计逻辑及标准化构筑机制,这种基于类似单元结构所形成的空间多样化高级组织架构,在功能食品的开发中具有重要应用。目前,增维结构的设计开发大多基于人工高分子或工程化蛋白,而在天然蛋白结构中鲜有报道,缺乏对蛋白折叠的过程控制是其首要原因。本文基于蛋白质共架技术,从介观重构、纳米雕刻及增维定制3个方面综述食品蛋白增维结构精密构筑研究进展。探讨构建食品蛋白高值化利用关键技术体系的思路和方法,以期为我国食品蛋白产业的发展提供理论和实践支持。

Hierarchical structures are long-range controllable high-level structures that are assembled by confined assembly at the multidimensional spaces of unit structures with short-range orders.Hierarchical structures are characteristic of directional arrangement by unit structures and high programmability in their scales and dimensions.Due to dynamic design logic and normalized construction mechanism,such highly organized and spatially diverse structures assembly with similar unit structures may find critical applications in design of functional foods.However,current design and development of hierarchical structures are based on artificial polymers and engineered proteins,while it is yet to have studies focused on natural proteins.The primary reason is the lack of process control of protein folding.In this paper,the research progress on the precise construction of hierarchical structures of food proteins is reviewed,which is based on protein co-construction technology from three aspects:mesoscopic reconfiguration,nanoscale carving,and hierarchical customization.This work provides new ideas and methods for constructing the key technological system for value-added utilization of food proteins,trying to provide certain theoretical and practical support for promoting the development of food protein industry in China.