锂电池回收产出的碳酸锂制备单水氢氧化锂工艺分析与探讨

Analysis and Exploration of the Process for Preparing Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate from Recycled Lithium Carbonate from Batteries

锂元素的回收是电池回收工艺中的关键步骤,目前一般采用湿法浸出技术将有价元素从锂电池黑粉中转移到溶液中,然后经过除杂净化得到精制的硫酸锂溶液,加入碳酸钠制备成工业级碳酸锂或者碳酸锂粗品,再经精制除杂得到碳酸锂产品返回电池生产过程。随着氢氧化锂市场需求的提高,如何将碳酸锂经济高效地转化为氢氧化锂也成为重要环节。针对电池回收产生的工业级碳酸锂转化为氢氧化锂的工艺过程,详细分析了不同工艺路线的原料选择、工艺过程、产品及副产品产出以及能源消耗等关键因素,通过对比不同工艺路线的优劣势,总结出不同企业状态适用的工艺路线,旨在为优化生产流程、提高回收产业链附加值提供有价值的参考。研究结果将有助于指导电池回收企业在选择氢氧化锂生产工艺时作出决策,同时也为盐湖提锂和矿石提锂产生的碳酸锂生产氢氧化锂提供借鉴。

The recovery of lithium is a crucial step in battery recycling.Currently,wet leaching technology is commonly employed to extract valuable elements from the black powder.This process involves impurity removal and purification,resulting in a refined lithium sulfate solution.Carbonic acid is subsequently added.Sodium is used to produce either industrialgrade lithium carbonate or crude lithium carbonate.The resulting lithium carbonate undergoes further refinement to remove impurities,creating a product suitable for battery production.Given the growing demand in the lithium hydroxide market,the cost-effective and efficient conversion of lithium carbonate to lithium hydroxide has become increasingly important.This study centers on the conversion process,transforming lithium carbonate obtained from battery recycling into lithium hydroxide.The analysis covers critical factors,including raw material selection,process routes,product and byproduct yields,and energy consumption across various process options.Through a comparison of advantages and disadvantages,suitable process routes for different company states were summarized,aims to offer valuable insights for optimizing production and adding value to the recycling industry chain.This study can serve as guidance for battery recycling companies when choosing lithium hydroxide production methods.Furthermore,it serves as a reference for producing lithium hydroxide from lithium carbonate obtained via extraction from salt lakes and ores.