温度对豌豆蚜体型、生长发育及繁殖的影响

Effect of temperature on body size,growth and reproduction of Acyrthosiphon pisum

【目的】明确不同温度对豌豆蚜体型、生长发育及繁殖的影响以及三者之间的关系。【方法】采用离体植物叶片饲养法,观察并记录不同温度(15、20、25℃)处理后豌豆蚜的体型、生长发育及繁殖指标。【结果】随着温度的升高,豌豆蚜的体型逐渐减小,单位体质量的表面积逐渐增大;发育历期和寿命逐渐缩短,平均每雌产蚜量先增后减。在低温(15℃)处理下,豌豆蚜体长(4.10 mm)和后足胫节长度(3.07 mm)最长,表面积(4.74 mm2)最大,体质量(3.11 mg)最大;若蚜发育历期(12.44 d)和寿命(43 d)最长;平均每雌产蚜量(75.45头)最少。【结论】温度对豌豆蚜体型、生长发育及繁殖有显著影响。

【Objective】The study aimed to clarify the effect of different temperature on the body size,growth and reproduction of Acyrthosiphon pisum and their relationships.【Method】The indexes of body size,development and reproductive of A.pisum,which were raised in vitro leaves under different temperature conditions(i.e.,15,20,25℃),were recorded and determined.【Result】The results showed that with the increase of temperature,the body size of A.pisum gradually decreased,and the surface area per unit body weight increased gradually;The developmental duration and longevity were shortened gradually,and the average daily fecundity per female increased first and then decreased.Under low temperature(15℃),the A.pisum were the longest both in the body length(4.10 mm)and in hind food tibia length(3.07 mm),the largest in the surface area(4.74 mm2),and the heaviest in the body weight(3.11 mg).The developmental duration(12.44 d)and adult longevity(43 d)of A.pisum were the longest,and the average fecundity of per female(75.45)was the least.【Conclusion】It was suggested that the temperature had a significant effect on the body size,growth and reproduction of A.pisum.