异形纤维及其制造技术进展

Progress in Shaped Fibers and Their Manufacturing Techniques:A Review

异形纤维是指横截面形状为非圆形的纤维,可弥补圆形纤维在抗扭强度、粗糙度、弹性、表观等性能方面的不足,并具有良好的光泽、染色、抗污、阻燃、隔热、隔音等性能,在纺织、复合材料、建筑、生物医学、汽车、航空航天、光学等领域得到了广泛应用。文中介绍了异形纤维的类型、特点、应用领域,总结了异形纤维的制造技术及其影响因素,分析了异形纤维横截面形态表征方法及对性能的影响。相关综述可为异形纤维的研究开发提供科学参考和技术借鉴。

Shaped fibers are fibers with non-circular cross-sectional shapes.They can compensate for the limitations of circular fibers in terms of torsional strength,roughness,elasticity,and apparent properties.Additionally,shaped fibers exhibit excellent properties such as luster,dyeability,stain resistance,flame retardancy,thermal insulation,and sound insulation.As a result,they have found extensive applications in various fields including textiles,composite materials,construction,biomedical,automotive,aerospace,and optics.This article reviewed the literatures on shaped fibers,providing an overview of their types,characteristics,and application areas.It also summarized the manufacturing techniques and influencing factors of shaped fibers,and analyzed the characterization methods of their cross-sectional morphology and their impact on performance.This comprehensive review aimed to provide scientific guidance and technical references for the research and development of shaped fibers.