辽宁北镇偏坡寺诸遗址性质的再探讨

Further Exploration of Various Sites Nature inPianposi of Beizhen in Liaoning

辽代佞佛始于萧绰。建佛寺依附帝陵始于萧绰葬于辽乾陵后,寺院与陵墓相结合的陵区规制,影响到其他贵族墓葬,形成了墓寺相邻的葬俗。位于辽乾陵北的偏坡寺诸遗址为辽代皇家寺院——崇仙寺,崇仙寺建筑布局与同时代的密宗佛寺建筑布局相似,大殿供奉密宗大日如来,东配殿供奉药师佛,西配殿供奉阿弥陀佛,前有东钟西鼓二楼,骆驼峰顶有相当于法舍利塔性质的藏经阁,起尘沾影覆之功效,佑福山坡下的辽乾陵。辽代陵墓、佛寺、佛塔三位一体的建筑布局,是辽代中期以后皇族及贵族墓葬的一大特色,也是辽代崇佛、佞佛的具体体现。

Worshiping Buddha ingratiatingly in the Liao Dynasty started from the reign of Xiaochuo.The construction of Buddhist temple which was attached to imperial tombs began after Xiao was buried in the Liao Qianling Mausoleum.The regulation of combining temples and mausoleums has influenced other noble tombs,forming a burial custom where tombs and temples are adjacent.Located north of the Liao Qianling Mausoleum,the Pianposi Sites are the Chongxian Temple,a royal temple of the Liao Dynasty.Its architectural layout is similar to that of contemporary Tantric Buddhist temples.The main hall enshrines Vairocana of the trantrism,with Bhaisajya Guru in the east-side hall and Amitabha in the west-side,and there are two buildings of the east bell tower and west drum tower at the front.At the top of Camel Peak,there is a sutra pavilion functioned as a stupa,with effect of dust and shadow covering,which blesses the Liao Qianling Mausoleum on the hillside.The trinity architectural layout of the Liao mausoleum,Buddhist temple,and stupa was a major feature of imperial and aristocratic tombs after the mid-Liao.and also a concrete reflection of worshiping or flattering Buddha at that time.