宏基因组测序在传染病检测中的应用

Application of metagenomic sequencing in the detection of infectious diseases

近年来,随着宏基因组测序技术在分子生物学领域的快速发展,宏基因组测序为传染病致病病原体尤其是未知病原的分型溯源和生物学特性研究提供了更加便捷、高效的手段。该技术相较于传统检测手段具有明显的时效性、灵敏度高等优点。快速、准确、广谱鉴定出病原体,有助于采用针对性的防控措施,是各种传染病预防控制的关键。本综述主要以高通量测序技术进展为基础,探讨宏基因组测序技术在细菌、病毒、真菌以及寄生虫等传染性疾病中的实际运用情况,并讨论了该技术可能面临的挑战和应用前景。

In recent years,with the rapid development of metagenomic sequencing technology in the field of molecular biology,metagenomic sequencing provides a more convenient and efficient means for the type tracing and bio-logical characteristics research of pathogenic pathogens of infectious disease,especially unknown pathogens.Compared with traditional detection methods,this technology has obvious advantages of timeliness and high sensitivity.Rapid,ac-curate,and broad-spectrum identification of pathogens is conducive to the adoption of targetd prevention and control measures and is the key to the prevention and control of various infectious diseases.Based on the progress of high-throughput sequencing technology,this review mainly discusses the practical application of metagegene sequencing technology in infectious diseases such as bacteria,viruses,fungi and parasites,and the possible challenges and applica-tion prospects of this technology.