湖南省1日龄雏鸡肌胃腺胃炎流行病学调查及其致病因素研究

Epidemiological survey of myogastric adenogastritis in 1-day-old chicks in Hunan Province and preliminary study on the causative factors of the disease

为探究湖南省1日龄雏鸡肌胃腺胃炎的流行情况及其致病原因,本研究于2023年对湖南省11个不同种鸡场进行了15次1日龄雏鸡的肌胃腺胃炎流行病学调查及肌胃腺胃样品采集,进行病理剖检、病理评分、病理切片观察、炎症因子基因表达测定和霉菌毒素含量测定,并收集血清测定免疫球蛋白含量。结果表明,15次流行病学调查肌胃腺胃炎患病率为62.1%,病理剖检和病理切片观察发现患病雏鸡肌胃腺胃都出现了比较明显的溃疡和病灶以及黏膜层破损溃烂、炎性细胞浸润和肌层肌纤维疏松。患病雏鸡肌胃腺胃内炎症因子(IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-ɑ)基因表达和肌胃腺胃组织内玉米赤霉烯酮和T-2毒素的含量均显著高于正常雏鸡(P<0.05),血清中IgA、IgM和IgG含量均显著低于正常雏鸡(P<0.05)。综上所述,湖南省内1日龄雏鸡肌胃腺胃炎流行程度较为严重,种蛋中的霉菌毒素对肌胃腺胃的毒性作用及其所导致的鸡胚免疫能力下降可能是导致1日龄雏鸡肌胃腺胃炎的重要因素。

This exprement was conducted to investigate the prevalence of myogastric adenogastritis and its causative factors in 1-day-old chicks in Hunan province,this study conducted 15 epidemiological surveys and collected myogastric adenogastric samples from 11 different breeder farms in Hunan province in 2023.Samples of the myogastric glandular stomach were dissected,scored,and sectioned for pathological observation.The expression of inflammatory factors and mycotoxin levels were also determined.Additionally,s erum was collected to determine immunoglobulin levels.The prevalence of myogastric adenogastritis was found to be 62.1%in 15 epidemiological surveys.Pathological dissection and section observations showed that diseased chicks had ulcers,lesion,broken and ulcerated mucosal layers,inflammatory cell infiltration,and laxity of the muscle fibers in the myogastric layer.The gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-ɑ,as well as the levels of zearalenone and T-2 toxin in the myogastric tissues of diseased chicks,were significantly higher than those in normal chicks(P<0.05).Additionally,the serum levels of immunoglobulins IgA,IgM,and IgG were significantly lower in diseased chicks than in normal chicks(P<0.05).In conclusion,the incidence of myogastric adenogastritis in 1-day-old chicks in Hunan Province is relatively high.One of the possible contributing factors to this condition is the presence of mycotoxins in eggs,which can lead to reduce immunocompetence of chicken embryos.