罗伊适应模式护理在腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者中的应用效果

Application effects of Roy adaptation model nursing in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

目的:探讨罗伊适应模式护理在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年7月至2023年3月在该院行LC治疗的126例胆囊结石患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组各63例。对照组采用常规围术期护理,研究组在对照组基础上采用罗伊适应模式护理。比较两组护理后自我护理能力量表(ESCA)评分、术后恢复指标[首次下床活动时间、首次排气时间、住院时间及术后48 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]、护理前后负性情绪[广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、患者健康问卷抑郁自评量表(PHQ-9)]评分,以及并发症发生率。结果:护理后,研究组ESCA评分高于对照组,GAD-7、PHQ-9评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组首次下床活动时间、首次排气时间和住院时间均短于对照组,术后48 h VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率为4.76%(3/63),低于对照组的15.87%(10/63),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:罗伊适应模式护理用于LC患者能够提高其自我护理能力,缩短首次下床活动时间、首次排气时间和住院时间,降低术后并发症发生率、VAS评分及焦虑、抑郁评分,效果优于常规护理。

Objective:To explore application effects of Roy adaptation mode nursing in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 126 patients with cholecystolithiasis who underwent LC in this hospital from July 2020 to March 2023.According to the random number table method,they were divided into study group and control group,63 cases in each group.The control group was given routine perioperative nursing,while the study group was given the Roy adaptation model nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The scores of exercise of self-care agency(ESCA),the postoperative recovery indexes[first out-of-bed time,first exhaust time,hospitalization time and visual analogue scale(VAS)score at 48 h after the surgery]levels,the negative emotions before and after the nursing[generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7),the patient health questionnaire self-rating depression scale(PHQ-9)],and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:After the nursing,the ESCA score of the study group was higher than that of the control group,the GAD-7 score and PHQ-9 score were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The first out-ofbed time,the first exhaust time and the hospitalization time in the study group were shorter than those in the control group,the VAS score 48 h after the surgery was lower than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of complications in the study group was 4.76%(3/63),which was lower than 15.87%(10/63)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Roy adaptation model nursing for the LC patients can improve their self-care ability,shorten the first out-of-bed time,the first exhaust time and the hospitalization time,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,the VAS scores,and the anxiety and depression scores.Moreover,it is superior to the routine nursing.