喜马拉雅区域的人类学学术史研究——以欧美人类学著作为中心

Anthropological Research in the Himalayas Associated with Tibet

历史上西方传教士和殖民者对喜马拉雅的认知始于他们与我国西藏的接触,西方对喜马拉雅的研究也是从藏学研究开始的。喜马拉雅地区的人类学研究形成了欧美两种不同的研究传统,其中欧洲的人类学研究更注重传统的社会和文化结构,而美国的人类学更关注变迁和推动变革。同时,它们内部也存在不同的研究路径。随着喜马拉雅地区社会经济的发展,本土人类学者的学术贡献也变得日益重要。

Being the world's tallest mountain range,Himalayas holds a significance in terms of geography,geopolitics,and regional culture.The Himalayas were first understood by Western missionaries and colonists through their interac-tions with Tibet of China.Tibetan studies also served as the inspiration for early Western research on the Himalayas.This paper organizes the history of anthropology in the Himalayan region from a micro viewpoint and examines the anthropological research connected to Tibetan research in the region.The paper makes the case that anthropological research in the Himalayas has spawned two dis-tinct research traditions in Europe and the US;concurrently,the socioeconomic advancement of the Himalayas has made the scholarly contributions of indigenous anthropologists even more significant.