京沪高铁基础设施无人机智能巡检系统关键技术

Key Technologies of UAV Intelligent Patrol Inspection System for Beijing-Shanghai HSR Infrastructure

近年来我国高速铁路建设里程不断增长,传统巡检技术与方式无法满足日益增长的高铁运行安全保障需求。同时,基于无人机的解决方案已在电力、水利及城市监测等领域投入使用并取得较好效果。开展无人机在高速铁路智能巡检应用方面的关键技术研究,提出高速铁路基础设施无人机综合巡检方案,具体包括:基于无人机搭载多类型传感器的无人机巡检系统构成方案,基于深度学习的声屏障异常检测方法、周边环境异常检测方法、铁路桥梁螺栓缺失及锈蚀检测方法、接触网紧固件缺陷检测方法等;基于上述方案的智能巡检系统在京沪高铁多个区段进行试验验证,结果表明:该系统可以有效检测铁路多专业中的多类缺陷,并与现有巡检方法形成互补,从而提升铁路运行安全保障水平,为无人机铁路巡检技术的大范围应用提供参考。

In recent years,the construction mileage of high speed railways in China has been continuously increasing,and traditional patrol inspection technologies and methods cannot meet the growing demand for safety guarantee of high speed railway operation.At the same time,UAV-based solutions have been put into use in the fields of electricity,water conservancy and urban monitoring with good results.This paper studies the key technologies of UAV application in intelligent patrol inspection of high speed railways,and proposes a comprehensive UAV patrol inspection scheme for high speed railway infrastructure,including:UAV patrol inspection system composition scheme based on multiple types of sensors carried by UAV,noise barrier abnormality inspection method based on deep learning,surrounding environment abnormality inspection method,railway bridge bolt missing and corrosion inspection method,and OCS fastener defect inspection method.The intelligent patrol inspection system based on the above scheme has been tested and verified in multiple sections of Beijing-Shanghai HSR.The results show that the system can effectively inspect various types of defects in railway disciplines and complement the existing patrol inspection methods,thus improving the safety guarantee level of railway operation and providing a reference for the wide application of UAV railway patrol inspection technology.