学校建筑光伏应用及效益分析

Photovoltaic Application and Benefit Analysis in K-12 Schools

文章以南京某幼儿园与中学、小学为例,结合实地测量和图纸计算的方式分析光伏可安装面积,对中小学校园光伏潜力进行了计算分析。结果表明,一所南京普通小学校园的光伏年发电量最高可达38万kWh,但光伏实时日发电量只能满足部分或全部照明能耗,无法实现建筑全部能耗实时自给自足;校园光伏建设的初投资较大,在光伏发电全自用情形下大多可以在7~9年内实现投资的完全回收;单晶硅组件虽然初投资更高,但在发电量和经济效益上更有优势;对采用不同组件校园光伏系统的减排潜力进行了分析比较。在中小学校园部署光伏系统要把握校园建筑本身的建筑、能耗特点,充分利用优势,校园光伏的部署也应顺应电气化趋势,可实现十分可观的经济效益和环境效益。

This paper conducted available photovoltaic areas of a kindergarten,a middle school,and a primary school in Nanjing by both on-site measurements and on-drawing calculation to analyze potential power generation.The results indicate that annual maximum photovoltaic power generation of a standard primary school campus would be 380,000 kWh.However,the daily real-time power generation can only fulfill part of all lighting needs,which is unable to achieve real-time net zero energy consumption.Initial investments of PV are large,but the payback period is normally 7 to 9 years.Comparison of different PV modules indicates that mono-crystalline silicon PV panels have better performance on power generation and economic payback although initial investments are high.Follows the trend of electrification,installation of PV system in K-12 campuses have significant economic and environmental benefits but requiring full understanding of architectural and energy consumption characteristics of school buildings.