燕窝和唾液酸对糖脂代谢影响的定性循证研究

A Qualitative Evidence-Based Study on Glycolipid Metabolism Effects of Bird′s Nest and Sialic Acid

目的:对补充燕窝及唾液酸对糖脂代谢的健康效应进行系统综述。方法:以“燕窝OR唾液酸”“糖代谢”“脂代谢”等作为关键词,检索于2012年1月—2023年2月期间公开发表的中文和英文文献,最终纳入符合标准的文献8篇作为本次综述的主要证据,其中有关唾液酸对糖脂代谢影响的文献5篇,有关燕窝对糖脂代谢影响的文献3篇,均为随机对照的动物实验。结果:5项唾液酸的研究和3项燕窝的研究显示,补充燕窝或唾液酸能够降低高脂膳食实验动物的血清胆固醇水平、动脉粥样肝硬化斑块面积、HOMA-IR值、OGTT曲线下面积等(P值均小于0.05),有益于糖脂代谢,具有一定的可信度;然而基于动物实验结果的证据评价等级较差,未检索到证据强度高的人群研究。结论:燕窝和唾液酸对改善实验动物的糖脂代谢有益,然而尚不清楚其对于人类糖脂代谢是否有调节作用,需要进一步研究验证。

【Objective】This research is a systematic review about the health effects of exogenous supplementation of bird's nest and sialic acid on glycolipid metabolism.【Method】The literature search was restricted to studies published in English and Chinese language for the period of January 2012 until February 2023 using"bird's nest","sialic acid","glucose metabolism"and"lipid metabolism"as keywords.Eight references meeting the exclusion criteria were included in this review,including five references about the effect of sialic acid on glycolipid metabolism and three references about the effect of bird's nest on glycolipid metabolism,all of which were randomized controlled animal studies.【Result】Five studies on sialic acid and three studies on bird's nest showed that supplementation with bird's nest or sialic acid reduced serum cholesterol levels,atherosclerotic plaque area,HOMA-IR values and area under the OGTT curve in experimental animals on a high-fat diet(P-values were all less than 0.05),which could benefit glycolipid metabolism in animals.However,the level of evidence was poor and no human studies with high evidence validity were included.【Conclusion】Bird's nest and sialic acid are beneficial in improving glycolipid metabolism in experimental animals,but it is not clear whether they have a same regulatory effect on human bodies and further studies are needed to verify it.