国际近海蓝碳政策技术现状及展望

Current Status and Prospects of International Offshore Blue Carbon Policy Technology

气候变化是全人类面临的严峻环境问题,为了应对这一挑战,世界各国纷纷在政策、规划及技术上做了诸多努力。其中,海洋蓝碳治理是应对气候变化重要内容。海洋储存了全球约93%的碳,是世界上最大的碳库。以《巴黎协定》和《联合国气候变化框架公约》等为基础,不少国际组织和国家已着手推动蓝碳国际规则的制定。西方发达国家在蓝碳碳汇政策及技术等方面,具有先行优势,已出台了多项碳汇治理政策,同时大量新技术也被应用于蓝碳封存。我国拥有丰富且多样化的蓝碳资源,又面临严峻的CO_(2)减排压力,因此蓝碳是我国减排增汇必不可少的组成部分。通过对目前国际蓝碳政策及技术研发现状的介绍,可为我国相关政策的制定及技术开发提供一定的借鉴。

Climate change is a serious environmental issue that all mankind will face.In order to address this challenge,countries around the world have made many efforts in policy,planning,and technology.Among them,the treatment of marine blue carbon is an important part of the content.The world's largest carbon reservoir,the oceans store 93%of the world's carbon.Based on the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,many international organizations and countries have begun to promote the formulation of blue carbon international rules.Developed countries in Europe and the United States have leading advantages in terms of policies and technologies for blue carbon sequestration,and have issued multiple carbon sequestration governance documents.At the same time,a large number of new technologies have also been applied to blue carbon storage projects.China has rich and diverse blue carbon resources,but also faces severe pressure on carbon dioxide emissions reduction.Therefore,blue carbon is an essential component of China's emissions reduction and foreign exchange increase.Through the introduction of blue carbon policies and technologies in Europe and the United States,this article can provide some reference for the formulation of relevant policies and technological development in China.