玉龙雪山暖温性针叶林大型真菌资源多样性调查

Investigation on the diversity of macrofungi resources in warm-temperateconiferous forest of Yulong Snow Mountain

为厘清玉龙雪山暖温性针叶林大型真菌资源的物种组成,采用样地调查法对玉龙雪山南麓针叶林内的大型真菌与伴生木本植物进行调查与采集。结果表明,有真菌资源22科39属79种,其中毒菌19种,药用菌7种,食用菌46种,还有7种野生菌的资源利用情况不明;红菇科、牛肝菌科和鹅膏菌科为优势科,鹅膏属、牛肝菌属、红菇属和乳菇属为优势属;生态类型包括粪生真菌、木腐真菌、土壤腐生菌、外生菌根菌和真菌共生菌等5类,以外生菌根菌的种数最多;伴生木本植物有14科17属41种。暖温性针叶林内菌类资源与植物种类组成较为丰富,优势类群明显,极具开发潜力。

In order to clarify the species composition of the macrofungi resources in the warm-temperate coniferous forest of Yulong Snow Mountain,the macrofungi and associated woody plants in the coniferous forest on the south slope of Yulong Snow Mountain were investigated and collected by sampling plot survey method.The results show that there are 79 species of fungi in 39 genera under 22 families,including 19 poisonous species,7 medicinal species,46 edible species and 7 species of unknown resources utilization.Russulaceae,Boletaceae and Amanitaceae are the dominant families,while Amanita,Boletus,Russula and Lactarius are the dominant genera.Ecological types include Saprophytic fungi on dung,Saprophytic fungi on wood,Saprophytic fungi on soil,Ectomycorrhizal fungi and Fungi-symbiotic fungi,with Ectomycorrhizal fungi of the largest number.There are 41 species of associated woody plants in 17 genera under 14 families.The fungal resources and plant species composition in warm-temperate coniferous forests are relatively rich,and the dominant taxa are significant,with great potential for development.