教育数字歧视的规制逻辑:从技术理性、价值理性到制度理性

The Regulatory Logic of Digital Discrimination in Education:From Technical Rationality,Value Rationality to Institutional Rationality

教育数字化是建设教育强国的重要引擎,也是破解教育公平问题的重要路径。然而,教育数字化在推动教育公平的过程中,也衍生出了一种新型教育歧视——教育数字歧视。教育数字歧视指教育数字化过程中非主观意识造成的对受教育者的不公平对待,以及区别、排斥或限制其平等受教育权的行为,是一种因数字技术产生的“设计缺陷”。当前,教育数字化转型正面临资源、文化、群体等方面的诸多教育数字歧视问题,教育数字歧视仍处于规制失序的状态,主要原因在于:对受教育者数字教育平等权的权利界定不清、政策观照不足以及规制保障不强,导致教育数字化过程缺乏关于人的价值和教育公平的价值指导,出现了技术反噬教育公平的情形。因此,应适时嵌入制度规则,以数字教育平等权丰富平等受教育权内涵,加强政策对平等受教育权的保障,适时立法强化数字教育歧视规制的可操作性与责任,既防止技术理性世俗化的公正性偏离,也防止价值理性理想化的形而上架空,在技术之上、价值之下、制度之中,为教育数字歧视提供规制路径。

The digitalization of education serves as a crucial engine for building a powerful nation of education and an essential path to addressing issues of educational equity.However,in the process of promoting educational equity,the digitalization of education has also led to a new form of educational discrimination known as digital discrimination in education.This refers to the unfair treatment of learners resulting from non-subjective factors during the digitalization of education,including behaviors that distinguish,exclude,or restrict their equal right to education.It is a“design flaw”stemmed from digital technology.Currently,the digital transformation of education is facing numerous challenges related to digital discrimination in education in terms of resources,culture and social groups.The issue of digital discrimination in education remains unregulated,primarily due to unclear definition of learners’rights to equal digital education,inadequate policy attention,and weak regulatory safeguards.This has led to a lack of guidance on the values of humanity and educational equity in the digitalization of education,resulting in a situation where technology undermines educational equity.Therefore,it is necessary to embed institutional rules in a timely manner to enrich the connotation of the right to equal education through the lens of the right to equal digital education,strengthen policy support for the right to equal education and enact legislation to enhance the operability and accountability of regulations against discrimination.Such measures will not only prevent the deviation of technological rationality from fairness but also avoid the metaphysical abstraction of idealized value rationality.Ultimately,this approach provides a regulatory pathway for digital discrimination in education above technology,below values and within the system.