吸引式输尿管支架与常规输尿管支架治疗泌尿系结石的疗效及安全性比较

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of suction ureteral stent and conventional ureteral stent in the treatment of urinary calculi

目的比较吸引式输尿管支架和常规输尿管支架在泌尿系结石患者治疗中的疗效及安全性,以评估吸引式输尿管支架的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析黄石市中心医院2022年12月—2023年5月收治的196例行输尿管硬镜或软镜钬激光碎石术的泌尿系结石患者,术中使用吸引式输尿管支架(吸引式输尿管支架组)100例,常规输尿管支架(常规组)96例。比较两组患者术前一般资料,拔管时的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、拔管时间、拔管成功率,以及拔管后有无肉眼血尿、腰腹部疼痛和泌尿系感染等指标。结果在拔管过程中,吸引式输尿管支架组较常规组的VAS评分低[(2.94±1.24)分vs.(5.78±1.50)分],拔管时间短[(4.28±0.51)min vs.(13.51±1.81)min],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在拔管后,吸引式输尿管支架组较常规组并发症发生率更低(P<0.05)。结论在泌尿系结石治疗中,采用吸引式输尿管支架相较于常规输尿管支架具有操作简便、患者舒适性高、并发症少、拔管时间短和医疗费用少等优势。

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of suction ureteral stent and conventional ureteral stent in the treatment of patients with urinary calculi,so as to evaluate the clinical application value.Methods A total of 196 patients with urinary calculi admitted to in our hospital during Dec.2022 and May 2023 were selected to undergo ureteral holmium laser lithotripsy with hard ureteroscopy or soft ureteroscopy,including 100 with suction ureteral stent(suction group)and 96 with conventional ureteral stent(conventional group).Basic data,visual analog scale(VAS),extubation time,extubation success rate,gross hematuria,lumbar and abdominal pain,and urinary tract infection were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the conventional group,the suction group had lower VAS[(2.94±1.24)vs.(5.78±1.50)],shorter extubation time[(4.28±0.51)min vs.(13.51±1.81)min],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).After extubation,the suction group had a lower incidence of complications(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional ureteral stent,extraction of suction ureteral stent has the advantages of simpler operation,better patient comfort,fewer complications,shorter extubation time and lower medical costs.