转移性肾透明细胞癌的综合治疗现状与发展

Current status and development of systemic therapies for metastatic renal clear cell carcinoma

随着医疗技术的不断进步和对转移性肾透明细胞癌(mRCC)认识的日渐深入,mRCC的治疗模式发生了显著转变。目前除手术外,mRCC的治疗主要采用靶向治疗和免疫治疗,在取得显著疗效同时也面临着耐药和无反应性等问题。为了解决这些问题,新技术和药物的研发正在不断进行。本文将对mRCC的靶向及免疫治疗方式、探索性治疗方案及治疗趋势进行综述,并通过总结发现各项技术原理和适用人群的差异,认为联合治疗和精准治疗将成为未来发展的主要方向。在未来的研究中,重点将放在如何更好地综合利用不同治疗技术以及更精确地定位适用人群,以实现更有效的mRCC治疗。

With the continuous advancement of technology and the increasing understanding of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC),the treatment paradigm of mRCC has undergone significant transformation.Currently,in addition to surgery,mRCC is mainly treated with targeted therapy and immunotherapy,which have shown significant efficacy but also face challenges such as drug resistance and non-responsiveness persist.To address these issues,ongoing research and development of new technologies and drugs are under way.This article presents a comprehensive review of targeted therapy,immunotherapy,exploratory therapeutic options and treatment trends of mRCC.By summarizing the differences in technological principles and patient populations,it is argued that combination therapy and precision medicine will become the primary directions for future developments.Subsequent research will focus on optimizing the synergistic integration of diverse therapeutic techniques and achieving more precise patient stratification to realize more effective treatment.