1978年以来中国内地移民与人类全球化进程的推进

Immigrants from Chinese Mainland and the Advancement of Globalization since 1978

1978年改革开放以来因中国移民政策、法规的支持及国外人才政策、移民法规的吸引等因素,中国内地掀起了持续不断的移民潮。目前在海外的华侨华人总数高达5000多万人,其中改革开放以来从中国内地移民出去的超过1000万。中国已成为世界第四大移民国,且主要分布在世界发达国家和地区。庞大的华人移民不仅有益于中国经济的发展和中外文化交流,而且多方面推动了人类的全球化进程。政治上,华人新移民重塑了华人国际形象,扩大了中国的影响力,有助于华人融入当地社会;经济上,华人新移民促进了移民国家、地区的经济发展,加强了华人与移居地的经济联系;文化语言方面,华人新移民融合了移民国家和地区的语言文化,促进了中华文明与其他文明的交流互鉴;人类学方面,华人新移民与所移居地人通婚,促进了不同民族与人种之间的融合。

China has historically been a populous country and a significant hub for immigrants,especially since the decline of the Qing Dynasty.With the improvement of China's international standing,particularly through supportive policies and regulations on studying abroad and emigration since the 1978 Reform and Openingup,there has been a steady increase in the number of individuals from Chinese mainland pursuing opportunities overseas.Currently,over 50 million overseas Chinese reside abroad,with more than 10 million originating from Chinese postReform and Openingup,making China the fourth largest emigrant country globally.The new wave of Chinese immigrants predominantly settle in developed countries such as the United States,Canada,Japan,Australia,and those in Europe.This significant diaspora not only benefits China's development and cultural exchanges in education,technology,health,and other fields but also catalyzes the globalization process in political,economic,cultural,and racial dimensions.Politically,new Chinese immigrants have redefined China's international perception,expanded its influence,and facilitated integration into local societies.Economically,they have driven growth in immigrant countries and strengthened economic ties.Culturally,Chinese immigrants have embraced local languages and cultures,fostering exchange and mutual understanding.Chinese,being a tool for communication,has had an impact on the field of anthropology in immigrant regions and countries due to the influx of new Chinese immigrants.The intermarriage between Chinese immigrants and local residents has facilitated the integration of different ethnicities and races.The problems that arise during the process of studying abroad and immigration require a scientific approach for assessment and management.