人力资本、劳动收入份额与共同富裕

Human Capital,Labor Income Share and Common Prosperity

共同富裕目标的核心是增加居民收入和缩小居民收入差距,人力资本水平的提升能增加劳动者的收入。劳动收入份额作为收入分配的一项重要指标,有利于改善初次分配不平等,缩小收入差距,进而促进共同富裕目标的实现。利用2011—2021年中国30个省份(因数据缺失,未包括西藏地区和港澳台地区)的数据,运用固定效应、中介效应模型,实证分析人力资本对共同富裕的影响以及劳动收入份额在两者之间发挥的作用。研究发现,人力资本水平的提升能够促进共同富裕,且该结论在进行一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立;中介效应分析表明,劳动收入份额在人力资本对共同富裕的影响之间起到中介的作用;异质性分析表明,在东部和经济规模大的地区,人力资本对共同富裕的促进作用更为明显。

The core of the goal of common prosperity is to increase the income of residents and narrow the income gap between residents.The improvement of human capital level can increase the income of workers.As an important index of income distribution,labor income share is conducive to improving the inequality of primary distribution,narrowing the income gap,and promoting the realization of the goal of common prosperity.By using the data of 30 provinces in China(due to the lack of data,the statistical data mentioned here don’t include the Tibet Autonomous Region,the HonKong Special Administrative Region,the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province)from 2011 to 2021,the influence of human capital on common prosperity and the role of labor income share between them was empirically analyzed by using fixed effect and intermediary effect models.It is found that the improvement of human capital level can promote common prosperity,and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests.The intermediary effect analysis shows that the labor income share plays an intermediary role in the influence of human capital on common prosperity.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the role of human capital in promoting common prosperity is more obvious in the east and the regions with large economic scale.