农村数字化能提高农业全要素生产率吗?

Can Rural Digitalization Improve Agricultural Total Factor Productivity?

近年来,数字技术广泛渗透到农村生产和生活的各个领域,农村数字化趋势日益明显。应用数字技术提升农业全要素生产率被视为转变我国农业增长方式、实现农业高质量发展的重要途径。然而,农村数字化能否提高我国农业全要素生产率?农村数字化如何影响农业全要素生产率?基于对2013-2019年我国30个省份农村数字化水平和农业全要素生产率的测算,实证检验了农村数字化对农业全要素生产率、农业技术进步、农业技术效率的影响。研究表明,农村数字化对我国农业全要素生产率存在显著正向影响,这种影响在粮食产销平衡区、粮食主产区、粮食主销区依次减弱。农村数字化促进了农业技术效率的提升,但对农业技术进步的影响不显著。为了充分发挥数字技术在农业高质量发展中的作用,我国应多方面加快农村数字基础设施建设,尤其是加强农业设施和农机装备的数字化改造,促进区域农村数字化的平衡发展。

In recent years,digital technology has widely penetrated into all fields of rural production and life,and the trend of agricultural digitalization has become increasingly obvious.The application of digital technology to improve agricultural total factor productivity is also considered to be an important way to transform China's agricultural growth mode and achieve high-quality agricultural development.However,can rural digitalization really improve China's agricultural total factor productivity?How does rural digitalization affect agricultural total factor productivity?Based on the measurement of rural digitalization level and agricultural total factor productivity in 30 provinces(municipalities or autonomous regions)of China from 2013 to 2019,the impact of rural digitalization on agricultural total factor productivity,agricultural technological progress,and agricultural technical efficiency were empirically tested.The study found that rural digitalization had a significant positive impact on agricultural total factor productivity in China,and rural digitalization promoted the improvement of agricultural technology efficiency,this positive impact weakened gradually in the grain producing-and-consuming-balancing areas,the main grain producing areas and the main grain consuming areas.Rural digitalization promoted the improvement of agricultural technology efficiency,but its impact on agricultural technology progress was not significant.To give full play to the role of digital technology in the high-quality development of agriculture,China should accelerate the construction of rural digital infrastructure in various aspects,especially to strengthen the digital transformation of agricultural facilities,agricultural machinery and agricultural equipment,and promote the balanced development of regional rural digitalization.