马流行性感冒的实验室诊断与疫苗研究进展

Progress on Laboratory Diagnose and Vaccinum Investigate for Equine Influenza

马流行性感冒是马A型流感病毒感染导致的一种急性呼吸道传染病。该病流行范围广,传播速度快,呈急性爆发。许多赛马机构和马术团体制定强制免疫政策,但疫苗免疫不能做到无病毒免疫,免疫动物仍可能向外排毒,成为马流行性感冒病毒传播的传染源,严重影响我国马产业的健康发展。及时的实验室诊断和疫苗免疫对于马流行性感冒的预防具有重要意义。该文主要论述马流行感冒的病原学特征、流行病学及临床症状展开叙述,总结近年马流行性感冒的实验室诊断方法及疫苗研究进展,以期为该病的诊断和防控提供参考。

Equine influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by equine influenza A virus infection.It has a wide range of prevalence,rapid transmission,and acute outbreak.Many horse racing institutions and equestrian groups have established mandatory immunization policies,but vaccine immunization cannot achieve virus free immunity.Immunized animals may be able to detoxify and become a source of transmission for EIV,seriously affecting the healthy development of China's horse industry.Therefore,promptly laboratory diagnosis and vaccine immunization are of great significance for the prevention of equine influenza.This article describes the etiological characteristics,epidemiology and clinical symptoms of EI,and summarizes the laboratory diagnosis methods and vaccine research progress of equine influenza in recent years,in order to provide references for the diagnosis and prevention of EI.